{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T17:35:53Z","timestamp":1788024953142,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chromosomal instability (CIN) may underlie a subset of idiopathic infertility, and chronic periodontitis could contribute to genomic fragility. We tested whether periodontal status is associated with cytogenetic instability in adults with idiopathic infertility. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 60 adults aged 20\u201340 years, comprising idiopathic infertility (n = 30) and fertile controls (n = 30), each with 18 women and 12 men. Significant exclusions included systemic inflammatory disease, pregnancy\/lactation, recent antibiotics\/NSAIDs, and periodontal therapy within 6 months. Periodontal examination recorded probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Cytogenetic testing used mitomycin C-induced chromosomal breakage to derive the Breakage Index (BI); CIN was defined as BI \u2265 4.0. Analyses compared infertile with CIN (n = 19), infertile without CIN (n = 11), and controls (n = 30). Results: Infertile participants with CIN had a higher periodontitis burden compared to infertile participants without CIN and to controls (moderate\u2013severe: 89.5% vs. 54.5% vs. 26.7%); mean BI also differed (5.2 \u00b1 0.9 vs. 1.3 \u00b1 0.5 vs. 0.4 \u00b1 0.2). Periodontal measures followed the same gradient, with greater CAL and PD in CIN-positive infertility. Conclusions: In idiopathic infertility, CIN was cross-sectionally associated with more severe periodontitis, and the BI correlated with CAL, PD, and BOP. Causality cannot be inferred and residual confounding cannot be excluded. Periodontal screening is a feasible adjunct that may help identify a modifiable inflammatory burden; prospective and interventional studies are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14091256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T12:08:16Z","timestamp":1757678896000},"page":"1256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Chromosomal Instability and Periodontal Disease in Idiopathic Infertility: Evidence of a Possible Association"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9783-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina-Crengu\u0163a","family":"Albu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015etefan-Dimitrie","family":"Albu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5965-893X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia Florina","family":"Bogdan-Andreescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speciality Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cTitu Maiorescu\u201d University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian-Viorel","family":"Poalelungi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantin Marian","family":"Damian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7869-7595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru","family":"Burcea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speciality Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cTitu Maiorescu\u201d University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreea-Mariana","family":"B\u0103n\u0103\u021beanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speciality Disciplines, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cTitu Maiorescu\u201d University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0085-2081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emin","family":"Cadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cOvidius\u201d University, 900470 Constan\u021ba, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan Alexandru","family":"Sl\u0103vescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca Daniela","family":"Br\u0103ila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012","article-title":"Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology","volume":"62","author":"Wyns","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. 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