{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T17:41:43Z","timestamp":1793814103979,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University","award":["2023-ZZ-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-ZZ-17"]}]},{"name":"Youth Scientific Research Foundation of Qinghai University","award":["2023-QNY-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-QNY-15"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3504101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3504101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chief Scientist Program of Qinghai Province","award":["2024-SF-102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-SF-102"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo is a typical alpine medicinal plant. However, the mechanism underlying its adaptation to high altitudes remains incompletely understood. In this study, we integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Specifically, we used third-generation sequencing for building a reference transcriptome and second-generation sequencing for differential gene expression analysis. Our findings revealed that the activation of the hydrogen sulfide signaling pathway and the reprogramming of amino acid metabolism are probable adaptation mechanisms. Different from previous reports, the hydrogen sulfide signaling may regulate the activity of cellulose synthase in addition to enhancement of antioxidant capacity and accumulation of osmolytes. By altering the agronomic traits of plants in a cell wall remodeling-dependent manner, it enables L. rotata to adapt to alpine stress. The accumulated amino acids not only store energy-efficient organic nitrogen as precursors for the synthesis of secondary metabolites but also act as signaling molecules to activate defense responses. Additionally, we propose a potential link between the hydrogen sulfide signaling pathway and amino acid metabolism. Overall, this study systematically explores the adaptation mechanism of L. rotata to high-altitude environments, offering a novel perspective for understanding the growth, development, stress responses, and secondary metabolic processes of alpine plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14111554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T16:09:47Z","timestamp":1762358987000},"page":"1554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal Mechanisms Underlying the Adaptation of Lamiophlomis rotata to High Altitudes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5304-3921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunzhang","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangjie","family":"Jiancuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Institute for Drug Control, Chengdu 610045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-E","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Inspection and Monitoring Center, Xi\u2019an 710077, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hengxia","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoshan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Inspection and Monitoring Center, Xi\u2019an 710077, China"},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China"},{"name":"Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4684-5055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huachun","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China"},{"name":"Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Li, F., Zheng, T.T., Shi, L., Zhang, Z.G., Niu, T.M., Wang, Q.Y., Zhao, D.S., and Zhao, P. 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