{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T05:15:49Z","timestamp":1767071749003,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Key Research and Development Program","award":["2023YFD2200803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD2200803"]}]},{"name":"Major Science and Technology Support Program of Hebei Province","award":["252L6802D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252L6802D"]}]},{"name":"Major Science and Technology Support Program of Hebei Province","award":["252L6801D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252L6801D"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31971651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31971651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Woody debris decomposition is a key process in forest ecosystem material cycles, with invertebrate communities playing a vital role. Distinct physicochemical properties of woody debris types lead to varying effects on these communities. Taking woody debris in Saihanba\u2019s Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations, Betula platyphylla natural secondary forests, and larch\u2013birch mixed forests (northern China) as objects, we collected woody debris-inhabiting invertebrates via hand-sorting. We studied how tree species (larch\/birch), forest types (pure\/mixed), and decay stages (I\u2013V) collectively regulate invertebrate community assembly. Results showed significant differences in woody debris physicochemical properties across these factors. Phytophagous groups dominated early decay stages (I\u2013III) and decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) with reduced wood density. In contrast, saprophagous and predatory groups increased with decay, correlated with higher TN and were more abundant in mixed than pure forests. NMDS indicated significant community differences among tree species\/forest types in early decay, converging later. PLS-PM further confirmed functional groups\u2019 response pathways to woody debris characteristics. Thus, preserving woody debris integrity and diversity in plantations is crucial for maintaining invertebrate diversity, promoting nutrient cycling, and enhancing forest ecosystem functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15010043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T06:25:51Z","timestamp":1766989551000},"page":"43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Invertebrate Communities and Driving Factors Across Woody Debris Types in Temperate Forests, Northern China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jinkai","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingliang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueqian","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(01)00261-0","article-title":"The effect of forest clearcutting in Norway on the community of saproxylic beetles on aspen","volume":"106","author":"Ims","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. 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