{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:39:56Z","timestamp":1788968396947,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010699","name":"School Seed Grant 2024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I-M010-SED-000245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I-M010-SED-000245"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010699","name":"School Seed Grant 2024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I-M010-SED-000246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I-M010-SED-000246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010699","name":"Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science and Monash University Malaysia Early Career Researcher Funding Scheme 2025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I-M010-ECR-000329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I-M010-ECR-000329"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010699","name":"Monash University Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignancy characterised by uncontrolled proliferation of lymphoid cells. Despite improved outcomes with modern chemotherapy, treatment resistance and adverse effects remain major clinical challenges. Curcumin, a natural compound from Curcuma longa, has shown anticancer potential in multiple malignancies, including leukemia. This systematic review aims to summarise preclinical and clinical evidence on the anti-leukemic effects and mechanisms of action of curcumin in ALL. Methods: A literature search was conducted in August 2025 across PubMed, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. Primary research involving in vitro, in vivo, and human studies examining curcumin\u2019s anti-leukemic effects on ALL were included. Of the 2034 records screened, 26 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Curcumin inhibited proliferation and induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in ALL cells via reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and caspase activation. It also inhibited the Janus kinase\/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK\/STAT) and phosphoinositol-3 kinase\/protein kinase B (PI3K\/AKT) signalling, downregulated breakpoint cluster region-Abelson (BCR-ABL), Wilms tumor 1 (WT1), and Multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) mRNAs, and induced ceramide accumulation and autophagy. In vivo evidence was limited, and no human studies were identified. Conclusions: Curcumin exerts multi-targeted anti-leukemic effects in ALL. Clinical translation is constrained by its poor bioavailability and limited clinical data. Future research should focus on improving the bioavailability of curcumin via chemical or pharmaceutical modification, as well as conducting well-designed clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15030258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T17:38:34Z","timestamp":1769794714000},"page":"258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti-Leukemic Properties of Curcumin on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3860-7293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teck Chee","family":"Soh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1815-2964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying Hui","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"},{"name":"Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1571-3285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pen Han","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7772-6534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faizatul","family":"Isyraqiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0648-8898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rakesh","family":"Naidu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2219-6297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kok-Lun","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Puckett, Y., and Chan, O. 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