{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T02:56:45Z","timestamp":1787626605869,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015043","name":"Management and Science University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015043","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019286","name":"Ajman University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019286","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The World Health Organization identifies environmental pollution as a primary global health threat, and its role in the onset and progression of neurological diseases is becoming increasingly clear. In the era of precision medicine, understanding the complex interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental factors is particularly important. The global increase in neurological conditions such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson\u2019s disease, and neurodevelopmental disorders highlights the urgent need for precision neurology. Environmental factors like air pollution, pesticides, and prenatal stress can induce epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, which alter gene expression and shape disease risk. Advances in neurogenomics, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence are revolutionizing our ability to decipher these mechanisms, presenting new approaches for personalized diagnostics and interventions. However, significant challenges related to data integration, computational complexity, high implementation costs, and ethical considerations remain. Overcoming these barriers is essential to harness the full potential of environmentally informed precision neurology. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the integration of environmental and genomic data to better predict, prevent, and treat neurological diseases, aiming to alleviate their growing global burden and improve patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15030283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T10:35:37Z","timestamp":1770287737000},"page":"283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Environmentally Driven Precision Neurology: A Neurogenomic Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2709-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mia Yang","family":"Ang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sir Jeffrey Cheah Sunway Medical School, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Sunway Microbiome Centre, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2338-5591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nur Azalina Suzianti","family":"Feisal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSU Centre for Climate Resilience and Strategy (m-CREST), Management and Science University, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga Section 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostics and Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga Section 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5261-0391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Danial Che","family":"Ramli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostics and Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga Section 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7621-7132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zaw Myo","family":"Hein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, C., Wu, Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Wu, Z., Lin, Z., Kang, D., Fang, W., and Chen, F. (2022). Global, regional, and national burden and attributable risk factors of neurological disorders: The Global Burden of Disease study 1990\u20132019. Front. Public Health, 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.952161"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2024). Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. 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