{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:58:24Z","timestamp":1785805104758,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agricultural Science and Innovation Project from Shanghai Chongming District","award":["2022CNKC-01-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CNKC-01-05"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals from the Shanghai Education Committee","award":["2021-KJ-02-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-KJ-02-12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Filamentous opportunistic algae, which behave as opportunistic species, are frequently observed in Eriocheir sinensis aquaculture ponds. These algae can entangle Eriocheir sinensis and release harmful substances during decomposition, thereby negatively impacting farming performance. At present, their management largely depends on non-selective herbicides, while fundamental research on species composition and biomass dynamics remains limited. In this study, 19 aquaculture ponds across five E. sinensis farms in Shanghai were monitored over a two-year period. Filamentous algae species were identified using both morphological and molecular techniques, and their biomass and coverage were quantified. Concurrently, physicochemical parameters of the water were measured to analyze algal occurrence patterns and key environmental drivers. A total of 19 species belonging to four genera of the phyla Chlorophyta and Charophyta were identified. Rhizoclonium was the most common genus, followed by Cladophora and Spirogyra. These genera exhibited distinct seasonal succession, with Cladophora and Spirogyra dominating in spring, while Rhizoclonium predominanted in summer and autumn. Filamentous algal biomass reached its peak in May 2024, with a dry weight of 42.92 g\/m2. The two-way ANOVA results indicated significant main effects of month and region, as well as a significant month \u00d7 region interaction. The Spearman correlation analysis revealed a strong positive association between algal biomass and pH. This pattern is consistent with the effect where the intense algal photosynthesis raises water pH through the uptake of dissolved carbon dioxide. The total biomass was significantly correlated with the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio, suggesting that nitrogen and phosphorus availability influenced algal growth. Moreover, filamentous algal coverage was positively associated with maximum algal biomass. The linear regression analysis further revealed that multiple environmental factors jointly contributed to algal proliferation, with total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) showing relatively strong associations with maximum biomass. These findings provide a scientific basis for the ecological control and targeted management of filamentous algae in aquaculture systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15030286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T15:24:19Z","timestamp":1770305059000},"page":"286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Species Composition and Biomass Dynamics of Filamentous Algae and Their Environmental Drivers in Eriocheir sinensis Aquaculture Ponds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yudi","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0566-1948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dijun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongming District Aquatic Technology Extension Station, Shanghai 202150, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8520-8270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaohua","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xugan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.12.093","article-title":"Comparison of flavour qualities of three sourced Eriocheir sinensis","volume":"200","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2001.0862","article-title":"Wastewater treatment by algal turf scrubbing","volume":"44","author":"Craggs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Water Sci. 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