{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:33:36Z","timestamp":1791999216843,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Dao-di Herbs Alpinia officinarum Hance Germplasm Innovation Research Project","award":["2024-440000-103010207-9713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-440000-103010207-9713"]}]},{"name":"the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guangdong Province"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of medicinal plant distributions and their quality responses under climate change is essential for formulating forward-looking conservation and utilization strategies. In response to the increasing depletion of wild resources of Alpinia officinarum Hance, one of the \u2018Ten Major Guangdong Medicinal Materials\u2019, this study developed an integrated modeling platform incorporating nine algorithms. These included generalized linear models, machine learning techniques, and a MaxEnt model optimized using ENMeval (Regularization Multiplier (RM) = 3, Feature Class (FC) = LQH). The platform was applied to simulate habitat suitability evolution under current climatic conditions (1970\u20132000) and for two future periods (2050s: 2041\u20132060; 2090s: 2081\u20132100) across four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585). Furthermore, Co-kriging interpolation was coupled to conduct a comprehensive quality zoning based on the dual \u201cecological-chemical\u201d dimension. Analysis of key environmental factors revealed that the distribution of A. officinarum is primarily constrained by hydrothermal conditions, with a suitable annual temperature ranges from 19.96 to 29.05 \u00b0C and a dry-season precipitation requirement between 56.64 and 185.65 mm. Model projections indicate that future warming does not promote habitat expansion; instead, it drives a latitudinal shift in the suitability centroid toward lower latitudes. The cumulative effects of different emission pathways vary markedly: the high-emission scenario (SSP585) triggers severe habitat contraction by the 2090s, while habitat loss under the SSP370 scenario remains relatively manageable. By overlaying the spatially heterogeneous distribution of galangin, this study delineated southeastern Yunnan, southeastern Guangxi, southwestern Guangdong, and northern Hainan as core \u201cintegrated quality regions\u201d. These findings not only reveal the sensitivity and vulnerability of A. officinarum Hance to climate change but also provide spatially explicit guidance for in situ germplasm conservation and the selection of high-quality cultivation bases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15040369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T10:00:52Z","timestamp":1771840852000},"page":"369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Zoning of Integrated Quality Regions for Alpinia officinarum Hance Based on a Multi-Model Evaluation System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2080-0710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Industrial Technology System for Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Development for Cantonese Medicinal Materials, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5486-7924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China"},{"name":"The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Industrial Technology System for Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Development for Cantonese Medicinal Materials, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Yunfu Germplasm Resource Management Center, Yunfu 527300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Industrial Technology System for Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Development for Cantonese Medicinal Materials, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Yunfu Germplasm Resource Management Center, Yunfu 527300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Industrial Technology System for Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Development for Cantonese Medicinal Materials, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Yunfu Germplasm Resource Management Center, Yunfu 527300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7816-8362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Industrial Technology System for Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Development for Cantonese Medicinal Materials, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Yunfu Germplasm Resource Management Center, Yunfu 527300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunhua","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Industrial Technology System for Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Development for Cantonese Medicinal Materials, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Yunfu Germplasm Resource Management Center, Yunfu 527300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2012.03.010","article-title":"An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal spices used in Chinese hotpot","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Res. 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