{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:33:44Z","timestamp":1791261224025,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005363","name":"University of Buenos Aires, Argentina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UBACyT 2020 N\u00b0 20020190100059BA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UBACyT 2020 N\u00b0 20020190100059BA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Mundo Marino"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002923","name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Orthohalarachne attenuata and O. diminuata mites are parasites of the respiratory system of Pinnipeds. During hosts\u2019 dives, mites must cope with changing conditions of oxygen availability in the nasal cavity. Adults and nymphs live inside the host, but larvae are active and responsible for colonizing new hosts. Hence, larvae are also exposed to environmental conditions with variable temperature and pressure, as well as to dehydration and changes in salinity. Although both species live within the respiratory tract of hosts, adults attach to different sections. Also, larvae have differential thermal tolerances and locomotion capacities. In this study, we show the effect of hypoxia, humidity and salinity on survival of O. attenuata and O. diminuata mite larvae. We found that both species are highly tolerant to hypoxia and can withstand it for long periods. In turn, both species showed low survival when exposed to direct air. Finally, hyperosmotic solution was highly harmful for O. attenuata, but not for O. diminuata. Our results show that humidity rather than oxygen availability is a constraint for survival and a limitation for dispersal when searching for new hosts. The present study expands our knowledge of ecophysiology and adaptations to changing conditions experienced during the dispersal of these marine parasite species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15050444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T11:06:52Z","timestamp":1773054412000},"page":"444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of Hypoxia, Dehydration and Salinity on Survival of Orthohalarachne Marine Mite Larvae: Limits to Dispersion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1835-5770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"P\u00e9rez Zippilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda Experimental-Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ecolog\u00eda de los Mares (LEE-GIEM), Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, Gen\u00e9tica y Evoluci\u00f3n de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET-UBA), Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda, Gen\u00e9tica y Evoluci\u00f3n, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabell\u00f3n II, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0074-6924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Emilio","family":"Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda Experimental-Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ecolog\u00eda de los Mares (LEE-GIEM), Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, Gen\u00e9tica y Evoluci\u00f3n de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET-UBA), Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda, Gen\u00e9tica y Evoluci\u00f3n, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabell\u00f3n II, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8470-3477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Loureiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Mundo Marino, Av. X 157, San Clemente del Tuy\u00fa B7105GDB, PBA, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4984-442X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dolores","family":"Erviti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Mundo Marino, Av. X 157, San Clemente del Tuy\u00fa B7105GDB, PBA, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7107-6078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela Karina","family":"Castelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda Experimental-Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ecolog\u00eda de los Mares (LEE-GIEM), Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, Gen\u00e9tica y Evoluci\u00f3n de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET-UBA), Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda, Gen\u00e9tica y Evoluci\u00f3n, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabell\u00f3n II, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(94)90194-5","article-title":"Adaptation, specificity and host-parasite coevolution in mites (Acari)","volume":"24","author":"Fain","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. 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