{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T05:11:57Z","timestamp":1778562717383,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Patagonian huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) and the Southern pudu (Pudu puda) are native South American cervids that differ in body size, ecology, and conservation status. However, quantitative evidence linking vertebral trabecular microarchitecture with biomechanical behavior in these species remains scarce. This study aimed to comparatively characterize vertebral trabecular bone structure and its mechanical response using an integrative, non-destructive approach. Vertebral bodies from cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions were analyzed using high-resolution micro-computed tomography to quantify structural parameters, followed by finite element analysis to estimate deformation and von Mises stress under standardized axial compression. Both specimens exhibited consistent regional variation, with cervical vertebrae showing lower density and organization, and thoracic\u2013lumbar vertebrae displaying denser trabecular networks. The Southern pudu specimen appeared to present a more homogeneous microarchitecture and a relatively uniform mechanical response along the vertebral column. In contrast, the Patagonian huemul specimen tended to show greater structural heterogeneity, with apparently higher deformation and stress values, particularly in the cervical region. These findings suggest that trabecular organization may contribute to the differences in vertebral mechanical behavior observed between the analyzed specimens. This study provides a preliminary comparative baseline for understanding skeletal adaptation and structural vulnerability in South American cervid species. This exploratory analysis is based on single specimens per species and should be interpreted as preliminary evidence rather than population-level inference.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15090722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:06:21Z","timestamp":1777860381000},"page":"722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Specimen-Based Comparative MicroCT\u2013FEA Analysis of Vertebral Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture and Mechanical Response in Two South American Cervids: The Patagonian Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) and the Southern Pudu (Pudu puda)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6061-0658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danae","family":"Tapia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal & Experimental Morphology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"},{"name":"MSc Biological Sciences Program, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0839-721X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n en Mec\u00e1nica Computacional, Escuela de Ingenier\u00eda Mec\u00e1nica, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Quilpu\u00e9 2430000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fauna Andina, Wildlife Conservation and Management Center, Villarrica 4930000, Chile"},{"name":"International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Deer Specialist Group, Apple Valley, MN 55124, USA"},{"name":"International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Conservation Planning Specialist Group, Apple Valley, MN 55124, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2273-0904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Salinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal & Experimental Morphology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolff, J. 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