{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:13:04Z","timestamp":1785420784024,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":132,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BK20230582"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20230582"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province College Students\u2019 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project","award":["202411117180Y"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202411117180Y"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32302751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302751"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["32302751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302751"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that exerts pleiotropic effects on host physiology, yet the mechanisms by which it coordinates systemic health remain incompletely understood. Emerging evidence regards the gut microbiota as a key mediator of Se biological functions, giving rise to the Se\u2013gut\u2013tissue axis. This review synthesizes the current research progresses on how dietary Se may shape gut microbial composition and metabolism, and how these microbial shifts are associated with protective effects in both intestinal and extra-intestinal tissues. Se sources (particularly organic or new synthetic form) may bidirectionally interact with gut bacteria by enriching beneficial genera such as Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and butyrate-producing Clostridia, while suppressing opportunistic pathogens. This microbial remodeling strengthens intestinal barrier integrity, enhances antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses (e.g., via GPX, TrxR, and NF-\u03baB suppression), and generates bioactive metabolites, notably short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. Through these mechanisms, the Se\u2013gut\u2013microbiota axis may regulate distal organ homeostasis, including the liver (ameliorating NAFLD and acute injury), brain (counteracting neurodegeneration and modulating serotonin\/GABA), muscle (improving mass and Se deposition), kidney (attenuating uremic toxin-induced ferroptosis), and reproductive organs. Despite encouraging progress, challenges remain in establishing causality, optimizing dose\u2013response relationships, and translating findings into precision interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15110887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T06:04:12Z","timestamp":1780553052000},"page":"887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Regulation Progresses of Selenium Improving Intestinal and Extra-Intestinal Tissues Health Through Regulating Gut Microbiota"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yanle","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4786-6103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0669-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanlong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xugang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengchen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Selenium as an integral part of factor 3 against dietary necrotic liver degeneration","volume":"15","author":"Schwarz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsuji, P.A., Santesmasses, D., Lee, B.J., Gladyshev, V.N., and Hatfield, D.L. 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