{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:59:23Z","timestamp":1785405563419,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Programa de Fomento y Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigaci\u00f3n (PROFAPI)-Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, M\u00e9xico","award":["2022\/PRO_A7_030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\/PRO_A7_030"]}]},{"award":["2022\/PRO_A7_030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\/PRO_A7_030"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05g1mh260","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>White corn (Zea mays L.) is a staple grain in the Mexican diet and an important source of carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the effects of H2O2 elicitation and germination time on germination performance, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity of white corn sprouts. Response surface methodology, based on a rotatable central composite design (13 treatments) was used to optimize H2O2 concentration (0\u201350 mM) during 24 h soaking and germination times ranging from 0 to 96 h. Optimal conditions were 20 mM H2O2 and 92 h germination, yielding 94% germination, 236.94 mg GAE\/100 g free phenolic content, 21.63 mg\/100 g GABA, and 6311.06 \u00b5mol TE\/100 g antioxidant capacity (ABTS). Under these conditions, protein, GABA, and gallic acid contents, as well as antioxidant activity, increased by 9.26%, 34.01%, 30.95%, and 27.24%, respectively, compared with germinated grains without elicitor treatment. These findings demonstrate that H2O2-assisted germination is an effective strategy for enhancing the nutritional and functional properties of white corn sprouts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15131082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T10:43:11Z","timestamp":1783334591000},"page":"1082","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maximizing Phenolics, \u03b3-Aminobutyric Acid, and Antioxidant Capacity in White Corn Sprouts Through H2O2 Soaking Concentration and Germination Time Optimization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4973-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Le\u00f3n-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Posgrado Integral en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"},{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Daniel","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Camacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Posgrado Integral en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saraid","family":"Mora-Rochin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Posgrado Integral en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"},{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Mart\u00edn","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Maga\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Posgrado Integral en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1333-3624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiola Araceli","family":"Guzm\u00e1n-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SECIHTI-\u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado De Hidalgo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9047-9355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israel","family":"Ben\u00edtez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Maestr\u00eda en Ciencias Aplicadas, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ingenier\u00eda en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Sinaloa (UPSIN), Mazatl\u00e1n 82199, Sinaloa, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6648-7323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edith Oliva","family":"Cuevas-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Posgrado Integral en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"},{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4384-1286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cuauht\u00e9moc","family":"Reyes-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Posgrado Integral en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"},{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiac\u00e1n 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"SAGARPA, Servicio de Informaci\u00f3n y Estad\u00edstica Agroalimentaria y Pesquera (SIAP), and SIACON (2026, June 04). 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