{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:17:15Z","timestamp":1788430635716,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32370377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370377"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32570412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32570412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32370377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370377"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32570412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32570412"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fujian \u201cYoung Eagle Program\u201d"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The megaspore mother cell (MMC) is the founding cell of the plant female germline, and its specification is a critical step in sexual reproduction of flowering plants. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics, live imaging, and gene editing have significantly advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying MMC specification in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we systematically review the latest findings from three integrated perspectives. Cell-autonomous regulatory mechanisms that establish MMC fate; non-cell-autonomous signals originating from somatic cells that position and permit MMC specification; and mechanisms by which neighboring somatic cells maintain their own fate and restrict MMC number. We also outline key open questions and offer perspectives on future research directions. This review provides a comprehensive reference for understanding the molecular-level mechanisms governing female germ cell fate determination in plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15171507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T09:20:43Z","timestamp":1788427243000},"page":"1507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Understanding the Specification Mechanism of the Megaspore Mother Cell in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lian","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinpeng","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5311-5476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peiyang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanyang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6960","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34723-6","article-title":"Specification of female germline by microRNA orchestrated auxin signaling in Arabidopsis","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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