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This study provides the first evidence of O-glycosylated oncofetal fibronectin (onf-FN) expression in human CL lesions. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed increased onf-FN expression throughout the inflammatory lesions, displaying a distribution pattern closely resembling that observed in human tumors and overlapping with total fibronectin expression. The detection of onf-FN in an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites broadens the current understanding of ECM remodeling beyond cancer and developmental processes, suggesting that onf-FN may also participate in the host tissue response to chronic infection. Given the well-established biological functions of onf-FN in regulating cell adhesion, tissue remodeling, and repair, its expression in CL lesions raises important questions regarding its potential role in disease pathogenesis and parasite persistence. These findings identify onf-FN as a previously unrecognized component of the CL microenvironment, providing a foundation for future studies investigating its biological and clinical significance in parasitic diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15171532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:21:21Z","timestamp":1788452481000},"page":"1532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["O-Glycosylated Oncofetal Fibronectin Expression in Lesions of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Novel Finding in Infectious Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Marcos Andr\u00e9 Rodrigues","family":"da Costa Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas (Biof\u00edsica), Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 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