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Although treatment options for MS have increased over the past decade, current therapies primarily target the peripheral immune system and are often associated with significant side effects. Moreover, these therapies still do not offer solutions for the resulting neurodegeneration that accompanies the progression of the disease. Findings from research using cellular and animal models and studies in humans highlight the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of apigenin, a flavonoid present in several commonly consumed plant species, such as cabbage, orange, tea, onion, and chamomile. This review compiles chemical and current evidence on the therapeutic potential of apigenin, primarily on its ability to modulate neuroinflammation and underscore the need for further investigation into its clinical applications as an adjuvant therapy for MS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15171545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T16:07:32Z","timestamp":1788538052000},"page":"1545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Apigenin as a Potential Modulator of Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Monique Reis de","family":"Santana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40231-300, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00edvia Nonato","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40231-300, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5642-9170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juciele Val\u00e9ria Ribeiro","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40231-300, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1236-1973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio Moraes","family":"Victor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7579-0746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur Morgan","family":"Butt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2UP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8975-3871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Lima","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40231-300, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0041-4","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Filippi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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