{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T15:13:31Z","timestamp":1788880411639,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008559","name":"Breeding of a New Breed of Dual-Muscle Beef Cattle in Southern Xinjiang and Development, Application, and Management of Specialized Breeding Chips","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025AB082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025AB082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008559","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008559","name":"Tarim University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TDBSCX202418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TDBSCX202418"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008559","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["TDBSCX202418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TDBSCX202418"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05202v862","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Semen diluents are crucial for the effective utilization of male germplasm resources and for enhancing the efficiency of artificial insemination (AI). However, reports on the in vitro low-temperature preservation of semen are still limited. This study comprised three separate experiments. Experiment 1 (semen storage): An ex vivo experiment using one ejaculate from each of five bulls, split into two aliquots per ejaculate, stored at 0 \u00b0C for 15 days, with repeated assessments of sperm quality (n = 5 biological replicates). Experiment 2 (IVF): An in vitro fertilization study using slaughterhouse-derived oocytes fertilized with day-15 stored semen from Experiment 1, conducted in five independent sessions (n = 5 sessions). Experiment 3 (AI): A non-randomized interventional field study involving 400 synchronized cows at China Hualing Ranch, allocated upon detection of estrus to receive either treatment or control semen (n = 400 cows). The primary outcome for Experiment 1 was total motility at day 15; for Experiment 2, blastocyst formation rate per oocyte; for Experiment 3, pregnancy rate at day 50 post-AI among all allocated cows. These findings suggest that the treatment formulation may offer advantages for liquid storage of bull semen at 0 \u00b0C.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15181577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T14:55:46Z","timestamp":1788879346000},"page":"1577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of a Concentrated Soy-Lecithin-Based Formulation and a Conventional Egg-Yolk-Based Formulation for Liquid Storage of Bull Semen at 0 \u00b0C: Effects on Sperm Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Fertility"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1710-4805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar 843300, China"},{"name":"College of Animal 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