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The fundamental utility of EVs is intercellular communication, while their implication in various biological processes, such as inflammation and hemostasis, is well-documented. Growing evidence indicates the significant usefulness of EVs as biomarkers in certain prematurity-related diseases, like bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Moreover, many in vitro and in vivo studies have been undertaken in order to explore the potential therapeutic impact of EVs in BPD, NEC and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), some of them yielding promising results. The present narrative review aims towards the summarization of the existing data on the application of EVs in diverse neonatal disorders, such as BPD, NEC, ROP, sepsis, multi-organ failure, coagulopathy and brain injury. The widespread investigation of EVs in neonatology and their potential implementation in clinical practice may lead towards a revolutionary approach and management of neonatal diseases, as well as an innovative perception of prematurity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology15191734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:43:24Z","timestamp":1790880204000},"page":"1734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extracellular Vesicles in Neonatology: Have We Found the Magic Bullet?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Papadogeorgou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3695-0759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas G.","family":"Tsantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Haematology and Blood Bank Unit, \u201cAttiko\u201d Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Microbiology Department, \u201cSaint Savvas\u201d Oncology Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Valsami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Hematology and Blood Bank Unit, Aretaieio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sotirios P.","family":"Fortis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3915-1829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios G.","family":"Kriebardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1403-143X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Mougiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoi","family":"Iliodromiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodora","family":"Boutsikou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8021-6191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Iacovidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9972-8901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rozeta","family":"Sokou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535750","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2018.1535750","article-title":"Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): A position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines","volume":"7","author":"Witwer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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