{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:33:31Z","timestamp":1787027611828,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bilateral Agreement between National Research Council of Italy and National Research Center of Egypt &quot;Identification of intra-mammary infection in different goat breeds in Egypt using novel protein and gene biomarkers\u201d","award":["CNR-NRC 2016-2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNR-NRC 2016-2017"]}]},{"name":"AGER 2 Project","award":["2017-1130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-1130"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mastitis is the most common infection of dairy goats impairing milk production and quality, which is usually recognized by mammary gland visual inspection and palpation. Subclinical forms of the disease are also widely represented, which lack the typical signs of the clinical ones but are still associated with reduced production and safety for human consumption of milk, generally presenting a high bacterial count. In order to obtain novel analytical tools for rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of mastitis in goats, we analyzed milk samples from healthy, subclinical and clinical mastitic animals with a MALDI-TOF-MS-based peptidomic platform, generating disease group-specific spectral profiles whose signal intensity and mass values were analyzed by statistics. Peculiar spectral signatures of mastitis with respect to the control were identified, while no significant spectral differences were observed between clinical and subclinical milk samples. Discriminant signals were assigned to specific peptides through nanoLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap-MS\/MS experiments. Some of these molecules were predicted to have an antimicrobial activity based on their strong similarity with homolog bioactive compounds from other mammals. Through the definition of a panel of peptide biomarkers, this study provides a very rapid and low-cost method to routinely detect mastitic milk samples even though no evident clinical signs in the mammary gland are observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9080193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T10:16:49Z","timestamp":1595931409000},"page":"193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Novel Biomarkers of Mastitis in Goat Milk Revealed by MALDI-TOF-MS-Based Peptide Profiling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Monica","family":"Matuozzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6980-0661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Stefania","family":"Spagnuolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3880-6942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hany A.","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Research, Guangdong Haid Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary (GHIAHV), Guangzhou 511400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"Gomaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Reproduction Research Institute (ARRI), Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza 12556, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Scaloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2810-9270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"D\u2019Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2003.08.010","article-title":"Goat milk in human nutrition","volume":"51","author":"Haenlein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Small Rumin. 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