{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:33:27Z","timestamp":1787027607631,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81460215, 31771142, 31860268"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81460215, 31771142, 31860268"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Metformin, a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has been found to reduce depressive symptoms in patients with comorbid depression and other diseases. However, it is largely unclear how metformin ameliorates depressive-like behaviors. Here, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce depressive-like behaviors in mice and found that LPS-treated mice exhibited increased immobility in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), as well as increased glutamatergic transmission. Furthermore, metformin administration in the LPS-treated mice ameliorated depressive-like behaviors and elevated glutamatergic transmission. Our results suggest that metformin has antidepressant effects and can correct abnormal glutamatergic transmission, providing an insight into the underlying mechanism by which metformin acts against depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9110359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T10:38:35Z","timestamp":1603708715000},"page":"359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Metformin Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors and Abnormal Glutamatergic Transmission"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Synaptic Development and Plasticity, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A-Min","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Synaptic Development and Plasticity, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3386-7212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Bing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Synaptic Development and Plasticity, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Synaptic Development and Plasticity, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Synaptic Development and Plasticity, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3581-9521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Er-Kang","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Synaptic Development and Plasticity, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. 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