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PSIs are of interest not only for their inhibition of microbial growth, but also because they modify the size of lipid vesicles and strongly interact with biological membranes. PSIs may therefore be useful for modulating lipid systems in NMR studies of membrane proteins. Here we present the expression and biophysical characterization of the Droserasin 1 PSI (D1 PSI.) This peptide is monomeric in solution and maintains its primarily    \u03b1   -helical secondary structure over a wide range of temperatures and pH values, even under conditions where its three disulfide bonds are reduced. Vesicle fusion assays indicate that the D1 PSI strongly interacts with bacterial and fungal lipids at pH 5 and lower, consistent with the physiological pH of D. capensis mucilage. It binds lipids with a variety of head groups, highlighting its versatility as a potential stabilizer for lipid nanodiscs. Solid-state NMR spectra collected at a field strength of 36 T, using a unique series-connected hybrid magnet, indicate that the peptide is folded and strongly bound to the membrane. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the peptide is stable as either a monomer or a dimer in a lipid bilayer. Both the monomer and the dimer allow the passage of water through the membrane, albeit at different rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10071069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T10:59:38Z","timestamp":1595242778000},"page":"1069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Droserasin 1 PSI: A Membrane-Interacting Antimicrobial Peptide from the Carnivorous Plant Drosera capensis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Marc A.","family":"Sprague-Piercy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan C.","family":"Bierma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marquise G.","family":"Crosby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brooke P.","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gemma R.","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Paulino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8916-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rongfu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9549-5293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John E.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Kozlyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7911-9834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carter T.","family":"Butts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Sociology, Statistics, and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9996-7411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel W.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paniw, M., Gil-Cabeza, E., and Ojeda, F. 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