{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T17:40:42Z","timestamp":1781977242731,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-29-08012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-29-08012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The search for compounds that can inhibit the interaction of certain viral proteins with their cellular partners is a promising trend in the development of antiviral drugs. We have previously shown that binding of HIV-1 integrase with human Ku70 protein is essential for viral replication. Here, we present a novel, cheap, and fast assay to search for inhibitors of these proteins\u2019 binding based on the usage of genetically encoded fluorescent tags linked to both integrase and Ku70. Using this approach, we have elucidated structure-activity relationships for a set of oligonucleotide conjugates with eosin and shown that their inhibitory activity is primarily achieved through interactions between the conjugate nucleic bases and integrase. Molecular modeling of HIV-1 integrase in complex with the conjugates suggests that they can shield E212\/L213 residues in integrase, which are crucial for its efficient binding to Ku70, in a length-dependent manner. Using the developed system, we have found the 11-mer phosphorothioate bearing 3\u2019-end eosin-Y to be the most efficient inhibitor among the tested conjugates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10091236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T09:24:56Z","timestamp":1598347496000},"page":"1236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Fluorescent Assay to Search for Inhibitors of HIV-1 Integrase Interactions with Human Ku70 Protein, and Its Application for Characterization of Oligonucleotide Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0479-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Galkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2669-4464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Rozina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6987-8119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur","family":"Zalevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Gottikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0590-5880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey","family":"Anisenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61809-7","article-title":"The end of AIDS: HIV infection as a chronic disease","volume":"382","author":"Deeks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2011.10.020","article-title":"Drug resistance in HIV-1","volume":"1","author":"Kuritzkes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. 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