{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:52:22Z","timestamp":1792270342629,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are biomolecules with antimicrobial activity against a broad group of pathogens. In the past few decades, AMPs have represented an important alternative for the treatment of infectious diseases. Their isolation from natural sources has been widely investigated. In this sense, mollusks are promising organisms for the identification of AMPs given that their immune system mainly relies on innate response. In this report, we characterized the peptide fraction of the Cuban freshwater snail Pomacea poeyana (Pilsbry, 1927) and identified 37 different peptides by nanoLC-ESI-MS-MS technology. From these peptide sequences, using bioinformatic prediction tools, we discovered two potential antimicrobial peptides named Pom-1 (KCAGSIAWAIGSGLFGGAKLIKIKKYIAELGGLQ) and Pom-2 (KEIERAGQRIRDAIISAAPAVETLAQAQKIIKGG). Database search revealed that Pom-1 is a fragment of Closticin 574 previously isolated from the bacteria Clostridium tyrobutyrium, and Pom-2 is a fragment of cecropin D-like peptide first isolated from Galleria mellonella hemolymph. These sequences were chemically synthesized and evaluated against different human pathogens. Interestingly, structural predictions of both peptides in the presence of micelles showed models that comprise two alpha helices joined by a short loop. The CD spectra analysis of Pom-1 and Pom-2 in water showed for both structures a high random coil content, a certain content of \u03b1-helix and a low \u03b2-sheet content. Like other described AMPs displaying a disordered structure in water, the peptides may adopt a helical conformation in presence of bacterial membranes. In antimicrobial assays, Pom-1 demonstrated high activity against the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and moderate activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Listeria monocytogenes. Neither of the two peptides showed antifungal action. Pom-1 moderately inhibits Zika Virus infection but slightly enhances HIV-1 infectivion in vitro. The evaluation of cell toxicity on primary human macrophages did not show toxicity on THP-1 cells, although slight overall toxicity was observed in high concentrations of Pom-1. We assume that both peptides may play a key role in innate defense of P. poeyana and represent promising antimicrobial candidates for humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10111473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T08:59:28Z","timestamp":1603443568000},"page":"1473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["New Antibacterial Peptides from the Freshwater Mollusk Pomacea poeyana (Pilsbry, 1927)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Melaine","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, 25 street, 10400 Havana, Cuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5921-3770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Facility for Functional Peptidomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3190-8786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annia","family":"Alba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Center for Research and Diagnosis, Pedro Kour\u00ed Institute for Tropical Medicine, 11400 Havana, Cuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0894-1708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio A.","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Center for Research and Diagnosis, Pedro Kour\u00ed Institute for Tropical Medicine, 11400 Havana, Cuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fidel E.","family":"Morales Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata y G, 10400 Havana, Cuba"},{"name":"Synthetic Peptides Group, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 6162, 10600 Havana, Cuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2635-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"P\u00e9rez-Erviti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, 25 street, 10400 Havana, Cuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7552-8764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Spellerberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Stenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Grieshober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Conzelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7316-7141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"M\u00fcnch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinz","family":"Raber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Kubiczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9297-6419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Rosenau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Wiese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludger","family":"St\u00e4ndker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Facility for Functional Peptidomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1719-0117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anselmo","family":"Otero-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, 25 street, 10400 Havana, Cuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.387","article-title":"Antimicrobial Peptides: Old Molecules with New Ideas","volume":"132","author":"Nakatsuji","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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