{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T05:23:45Z","timestamp":1778909025027,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Myocardial oxygenation and perfusion response to stress, using oxygen-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR) and stress T1 mapping respectively, are impaired in CKD patients with and without known coronary artery disease (CAD). Endothelial dysfunction, assessed by circulating levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and homoarginine (HMA), promotes atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that in CKD patients, worsening endothelial dysfunction is associated with worsening myocardial oxygenation and perfusion as assessed by change in OS-CMR signal intensity (\u0394 OS-CMR SI) and stress T1 (\u0394T1) values. (2) Methods: 38 patients with advanced CKD underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) scanning at 3 Tesla. OS-CMR and T1 mapping images were acquired both at rest and after adenosine stress and analyzed semi-quantitatively. Serum ADMA and HMA concentrations were assessed using mass spectrometry. (3) Results: There was no significant correlation between \u0394 OS-CMR SI and ADMA or HMA. Interestingly, there was a significant negative correlation seen between \u0394 T1 and ADMA (r = \u22120.419, p = 0.037, n = 30) but not between \u0394 T1 and HMA. (4) Conclusions: Stress T1 response is impaired in CKD patients and is independently associated with higher circulating ADMA concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11030416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T20:17:40Z","timestamp":1615493860000},"page":"416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Arginine Metabolites as Biomarkers of Myocardial Ischaemia, Assessed with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ranjit J.","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"},{"name":"Cardiac Imaging Research, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Tommasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Faull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Gleadle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8699-1412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arduino A.","family":"Mangoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph B.","family":"Selvanayagam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"},{"name":"Cardiac Imaging Research, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12493","article-title":"Anaemia management and mortality risk in newly visiting patients with chronic kidney disease in Japan: The CKD-ROUTE study","volume":"20","author":"Iimori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597906","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/597906","article-title":"Extreme Elevations in Blood Pressure and All-Cause Mortality in a Referred CKD Population: Results from the CRISIS Study","volume":"2013","author":"Ritchie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. 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