{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T21:48:00Z","timestamp":1776548880103,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HF20C0055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HF20C0055"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite advances in assisted reproductive technology, treatment for deficient endometrial receptivity is a major clinical unmet need. In our previous study, the water extract of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. enhanced endometrial receptivity in vitro and in vivo via induction of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine. In the present study, we found that paeoniflorin, a monoterpene glycoside, is the major active compound of P. lactiflora. Paeoniflorin significantly improved the embryo implantation rate in a murine model of mifepristone (RU486)-induced implantation failure. In addition, paeoniflorin increased the adhesion of human trophectoderm-derived JAr cells to endometrial Ishikawa cells through the expression of LIF in vitro. Moreover, using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of the human endometrium, we confirmed that LIF signaling is a key regulator for improving human endometrial receptivity. Therefore, these results suggest that paeoniflorin might be a potent drug candidate for the treatment of endometrial implantation failure by enhancing endometrial receptivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11030439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T12:01:02Z","timestamp":1615896062000},"page":"439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Paeoniflorin Enhances Endometrial Receptivity through Leukemia Inhibitory Factor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hye-Rin","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee-Jung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo-Sung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae-Wook","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5190-0904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keuk-Jun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Daekyeung University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanabuk-do 38547, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6338-1512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong-Kil","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5905-6760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongryeol","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8975-0876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Jin","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6283-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ki-Tae","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12226","article-title":"Recent Advances in Understanding Endometrial Receptivity: Molecular Basis and Clinical Applications","volume":"72","author":"Lalitkumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. 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