{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T03:24:29Z","timestamp":1792898669975,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04044\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04044\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04044\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04044\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007434","name":"Ag\u00eancia Nacional de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PAMI-ROTEIRO\/0328\/2013 (N\u00ba 022158)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PAMI-ROTEIRO\/0328\/2013 (N\u00ba 022158)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007434","name":"Ag\u00eancia Nacional de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MATIS (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000014)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MATIS (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000014)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007434","name":"Ag\u00eancia Nacional de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BIODISCUS (CENTRO-01-0247-FEDER-039969)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIODISCUS (CENTRO-01-0247-FEDER-039969)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an important structure for the masticatory system and the pathologies associated with it affect a large part of the population and impair people\u2019s lifestyle. It comprises an articular disc, that presents low regeneration capacities and the existing clinical options for repairing it are not effective. This way, it is imperative to achieve a permanent solution to guarantee a good quality of life for people who suffer from these pathologies. Complete knowledge of the unique characteristics of the disc will make it easier to achieve a successful tissue engineering (TE) construct. Thus, the search for an effective, safe and lasting solution has already started, including materials that replace the disc, is currently growing. The search for a solution based on TE approaches, which involve regenerating the disc. The present work revises the TMJ disc characteristics and its associated diseases. The different materials used for a total disc replacement are presented, highlighting the TE area. A special focus on future trends in the field and part of the solution for the TMJ problems described in this review will involve the development of a promising engineered disc approach through the use of decellularized extracellular matrices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11070933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T11:28:41Z","timestamp":1624447721000},"page":"933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Biological Treatments for Temporomandibular Joint Disc Disorders: Strategies in Tissue Engineering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3621-7095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Trindade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrique Cardoso","family":"Jos\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas da Face, 1050-227 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8411-9946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Faustino","family":"\u00c2ngelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas da Face, 1050-227 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5016-0868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2610-1005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"204","article-title":"Functional limitation of the masticatory system in patients with bulbar involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"45","author":"Willaert","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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