{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:18:42Z","timestamp":1792646322166,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81972538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972538"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cranial bones constitute the protective structures of the skull, which surround and protect the brain. Due to the limited repair capacity, the reconstruction and regeneration of skull defects are considered as an unmet clinical need and challenge. Previously, it has been proposed that the periosteum and dura mater provide reparative progenitors for cranial bones homeostasis and injury repair. In addition, it has also been speculated that the cranial mesenchymal stem cells reside in the perivascular niche of the diploe, namely, the soft spongy cancellous bone between the interior and exterior layers of cortical bone of the skull, which resembles the skeletal stem cells\u2019 distribution pattern of the long bone within the bone marrow. Not until recent years have several studies unraveled and validated that the major mesenchymal stem cell population of the cranial region is primarily located within the suture mesenchyme of the skull, and hence, they are termed suture mesenchymal stem cells (SuSCs). Here, we summarized the characteristics of SuSCs, this newly discovered stem cell population of cranial bones, including the temporospatial distribution pattern, self-renewal, and multipotent properties, contribution to injury repair, as well as the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms associated with the regulation of SuSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11081129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T21:51:07Z","timestamp":1627854667000},"page":"1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Cranial Suture Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Insights and Advances"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yigan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4258-2152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takehito","family":"Ouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 1010061, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihe","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longjiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3139","article-title":"The suture provides a niche for mesenchymal stem cells of craniofacial bones","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. 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