{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:01:26Z","timestamp":1792425686182,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba (FLA) that is commonly known as the \u201cbrain-eating amoeba.\u201d This parasite can invade the central nervous system (CNS), causing an acute and fulminating infection known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Even though PAM is characterized by low morbidity, it has shown a mortality rate of 98%, usually causing death in less than two weeks after the initial exposure. This review summarizes the most recent information about N. fowleri, its pathogenic molecular mechanisms, and the neuropathological processes implicated. Additionally, this review includes the main therapeutic strategies described in case reports and preclinical studies, including the possible use of immunomodulatory agents to decrease neurological damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11091320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T10:59:12Z","timestamp":1630925952000},"page":"1320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis by Naegleria fowleri: Pathogenesis and Treatments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"G\u00fc\u00e9mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Campus Norte, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad An\u00e1huac M\u00e9xico Campus Norte, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2018.05.007","article-title":"Central Nervous System Infections","volume":"45","author":"Giovane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prim. 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