{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:21:11Z","timestamp":1790698871239,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnosis of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, which is predominantly of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma type (CNS DLBCL), is challenging. MicroRNAs (miRs) are gene expression-regulating non-coding RNAs that are potential biomarkers. We aimed to distinguish miR expression patterns differentiating CNS DLBCL and non-malignant CNS diseases with tumor presentation (n-ML). Next generation sequencing-based miR profiling of cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) and brain tumors was performed. Sample source-specific (CSF vs. brain tumor) miR patterns were revealed. Even so, a set of 17 miRs differentiating CNS DLBCL from n-ML, no matter if assessed in CSF or in a tumor, was identified. Along with the results of pathway analyses, this suggests their pathogenic role in CNS DLBCL. A combination of just four of those miRs (miR-16-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-423-5p), assessed in CSFs, discriminated CNS DLBCL from n-ML samples with 100% specificity and 67.0% sensitivity. Analyses of paired CSF-tumor samples from patients with CNS DLBCL showed significantly lower CSF levels of miR-26a, and higher CSF levels of miR-15a-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-106b-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-423-5p. Noteworthy, the same miRs belonged to the abovementioned set differentiating CNS DLBCL from non-malignant CNS diseases. Our results not only add to the basic knowledge, but also hold significant translational potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11091395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T08:04:23Z","timestamp":1632211463000},"page":"1395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Set of 17 microRNAs Common for Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid Differentiates Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma from Non-Malignant Brain Tumors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8636-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Sromek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3478-8014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Rymkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6644-1509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Paziewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1670-0274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukasz Michal","family":"Szafron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Kulecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michalina","family":"Zajdel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2517-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Kulinczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7585-4946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michalina","family":"Dabrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Balabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Bystydzienski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Chechlinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Konrad","family":"Siwicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, 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