{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:01:48Z","timestamp":1790402508549,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":260,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a ubiquitous gaseous signaling molecule that has an important role in many physiological and pathological processes in mammalian tissues, with the same importance as two others endogenous gasotransmitters such as NO (nitric oxide) and CO (carbon monoxide). Endogenous H2S is involved in a broad gamut of processes in mammalian tissues including inflammation, vascular tone, hypertension, gastric mucosal integrity, neuromodulation, and defense mechanisms against viral infections as well as SARS-CoV-2 infection. These results suggest that the modulation of H2S levels has a potential therapeutic value. Consequently, synthetic H2S-releasing agents represent not only important research tools, but also potent therapeutic agents. This review has been designed in order to summarize the currently available H2S donors; furthermore, herein we discuss their preparation, the H2S-releasing mechanisms, and their -biological applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11121899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,19]],"date-time":"2021-12-19T20:41:55Z","timestamp":1639946515000},"page":"1899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["H2S Donors and Their Use in Medicinal Chemistry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Magli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1754-1191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Perissutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Santagada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Caliendo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0617-156X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Corvino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7357-5751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdinando","family":"Fiorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Migliaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4282-2788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonia","family":"Scognamiglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3887-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Sparaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8821-2937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Frecentese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1967.sp001909","article-title":"The toxicity of hydrogen sulphide and other sulphides","volume":"52","author":"Evans","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2013.07.001","article-title":"Chemical foundations of hydrogen sulfide biology","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"213","article-title":"Severe hydrogen sulphide poisoning treated with 4-dimethylaminophenol and hyperbaric oxygen","volume":"40","author":"Lindenmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diving Hyperb. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-012-0873-4","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide: A gasotransmitter of clinical relevance","volume":"90","author":"Vandiver","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2011","article-title":"Physiological implications of hydrogen sulfide: A whiff exploration that blossomed","volume":"92","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010510-100505","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide and cell signaling","volume":"51","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2425","article-title":"Hydrogen sulphide and its therapeutic potential","volume":"6","author":"Szabo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2013.07.002","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide chemical biology: Pathophysiological roles and detection","volume":"35","author":"Kolluru","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1021\/tx2005234","article-title":"Small molecule signaling agents: The integrated chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogen oxides, oxides of carbon, dioxygen, hydrogen sulfide, and their derived species","volume":"25","author":"Fukuto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.04.004","article-title":"Evolutionary and comparative aspects of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide","volume":"184","author":"Olson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.4401","article-title":"A practical look at the chemistry and biology of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"17","author":"Olson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6275","DOI":"10.1021\/jm901638j","article-title":"Synthesis and biological effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S): Development of H2S-releasing drugs as pharmaceuticals","volume":"53","author":"Caliendo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.8b00463","article-title":"Cytochrome c Reduction by H2S Potentiates Sulfide Signaling","volume":"13","author":"Vitvitsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12016","DOI":"10.1021\/ja3009693","article-title":"Chemical characterization of the smallest S-nitrosothiol, HSNO; cellular cross-talk of H2S and S-nitrosothiols","volume":"134","author":"Filipovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.705","article-title":"Reactivity of hydrogen sulfide with peroxynitrite and other oxidants of biological interest","volume":"50","author":"Carballal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4381","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5381","article-title":"H2S and NO cooperatively regulate vascular tone by activating a neuroendocrine HNO\u2013TRPA1\u2013CGRP signalling pathway","volume":"5","author":"Eberhardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00205","article-title":"Chemical Biology of H2S Signaling through Persulfidation","volume":"118","author":"Filipovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4633","DOI":"10.1021\/cr300163e","article-title":"Cysteine-mediated redox signaling: Chemistry, biology, and tools for discovery","volume":"113","author":"Paulsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1021\/cb4001052","article-title":"Persulfide reactivity in the detection of protein S-sulfhydration","volume":"8","author":"Pan","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201305876","article-title":"Detection of protein S-sulfhydration by a tag-switch technique","volume":"53","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra72","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2000464","article-title":"H2S signals through protein S-sulfhydration","volume":"2","author":"Mustafa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06580.x","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide as a gasotransmitter","volume":"113","author":"Gadalla","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.10.021","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide-linked sulfhydration of NF-\u03bab mediates its antiapoptotic actions","volume":"45","author":"Sen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra86","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2002329","article-title":"H2S-Induced sulfhydration of the phosphatase PTP1B and its role in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response","volume":"4","author":"Krishnan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2623","article-title":"Sulfhydration mediates neuroprotective actions of parkin","volume":"4","author":"Vandiver","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3391","article-title":"H2S signaling through protein sulfhydration and beyond","volume":"13","author":"Paul","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4645","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide protects against cellular senescence via S-sulfhydration of Keap1 and activation of Nrf2","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18003","DOI":"10.1021\/ja207851s","article-title":"Development of a highly selective fluorescence probe for hydrogen sulfide","volume":"133","author":"Sasakura","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3492","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111297109","article-title":"Crucial role of copper in detection of metal-coordinating odorants","volume":"109","author":"Duan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1108581","article-title":"H2S induces a suspended animation-like state in mice","volume":"308","author":"Blackstone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22090","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0904082106","article-title":"Using a functional enzyme model to understand the chemistry behind hydrogen sulfide induced hibernation","volume":"106","author":"Collman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.7.2047","article-title":"Cloning and sequencing nanogram amounts of immunopurified mRNAs: cDNA cloning and chromosomal mapping of cystathionine \u03b2-synthase and the \u03b2 subunit of propionyl CoA carboxylase","volume":"83","author":"Kraus","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18577.x","article-title":"Evolutionary relationships among pyridoxal-5\u2032-phosphate-dependent enzymes. Regio-specific alpha, beta and gamma families","volume":"219","author":"Alexander","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805459200","article-title":"Structural basis for the inhibition mechanism of human cystathionine-gammalyase: An enzyme responsible for the production of H2S","volume":"284","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2003.043","article-title":"Determinants of enzymatic specificity in the Cys-Met metabolism PLPdependent enzyme family: Crystal structure of cystathionine \u03b3-lyase from yeast and intrafamiliar structure comparison","volume":"384","author":"Messerschmidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.11.058","article-title":"Site-directed mutagenesis on human Cystathionine-\u03b3-lyase reveals insights into the modulation of H2S production","volume":"396","author":"Huang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"DeLano, W.L. (2002). The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, DeLano Scientific LLC."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132418","article-title":"Sulfur amino acid metabolism: Pathways for production and removal of homocysteine and cysteine","volume":"24","author":"Stipanuk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22457","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.010868","article-title":"Relative contributions of cystathionine beta-synthase and gamma-cystathionase to H2S biogenesis via alternative trans-sulfuration reactions","volume":"284","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21903","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R110.128363","article-title":"The redox biochemistry of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"285","author":"Kabil","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2060267","article-title":"Characterization of the enzymic capacity for cysteine desulphhydration in liver and kidney of the rat","volume":"206","author":"Stipanuk","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-010-0510-x","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide: Its production, release and functions","volume":"41","author":"Kimura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00576.2009","article-title":"Hypoxic pulmonary vasodilation: A paradigm shift with a hydrogen sulfide mechanism","volume":"298","author":"Olson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-004-0072-x","article-title":"Endogenous production of hydrogen sulfide in mammals","volume":"26","author":"Kamoun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20110841","article-title":"Thioredoxin and dihydrolipoic acid are required for 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase to produce hydrogen sulfide","volume":"439","author":"Mikami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110267","article-title":"Emerging role of hydrogen sulfide in health and disease: Critical appraisal of biomarkers and pharmacological tools","volume":"121","author":"Whiteman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119658109","article-title":"Hypoxic regulation of the cerebral microcirculation is mediated by a carbon monoxide-sensitive hydrogen sulfide pathway","volume":"109","author":"Morikawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-010X(19981015)282:3<310::AID-JEZ4>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Sulfur reduction by human erythrocytes","volume":"282","author":"Searcy","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17977","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705710104","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide mediates the vasoactivity of garlic","volume":"104","author":"Benavides","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/47.8.1500","article-title":"Urinary sulfur compounds in Down syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Belardinelli","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI7712","article-title":"Detoxification of hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol in the cecal mucosa","volume":"104","author":"Levitt","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.2.201","article-title":"Mucosal protection against sulfide: Importance of the enzyme rhodanese","volume":"50","author":"Picton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-302X.1999.140303.x","article-title":"Sulfhemoglobin formation in human erythrocytes by cystalysin, an l-cysteine desulfhydrase from Treponema denticola","volume":"14","author":"Kurzban","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6270fje","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide is an endogenous modulator of leukocyte-mediated inflammation","volume":"20","author":"Zanardo","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.07.020","article-title":"A protective role of hydrogen sulfide against oxidative stress in rat gastric mucosal epithelium","volume":"241","author":"Yonezawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-03-01066.1996","article-title":"The possible role of hydrogen sulfide as an endogenous neuromodulator","volume":"16","author":"Abe","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32829b8fd0","article-title":"The novel gaseous vasorelaxant hydrogen sulphide inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme activity of endothelial cells","volume":"25","author":"Laggner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e318180ff89","article-title":"Anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen sulfide in a rat model of regional myocardial I\/R","volume":"31","author":"Sivarajah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.02.013","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide regulates insulin secretion and insulin resistance in diabetes mellitus, a new promising target for diabetes mellitus treatment? A review","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17907","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709010104","article-title":"A new gaseous signaling molecule emerges: Cardioprotective role of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"46","author":"Lefer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2316","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00331.2004","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide-induced relaxation of resistance mesenteric artery beds of rats","volume":"287","author":"Cheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1162667","article-title":"H2S as a physiologic vasorelaxant: Hypertension in mice with deletion of cystathionin gamma-lyase","volume":"322","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.12.011","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide inhibits human platelet aggregation","volume":"559","author":"Zagli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.07.060","article-title":"Inhibition of hydrogen sulfide generation contributes to gastric injury caused by anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs","volume":"129","author":"Fiorucci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/890585","article-title":"Mechanisms of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastrointestinal injury and repair: A window of opportunity for cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donors","volume":"18","author":"Perini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.11.042","article-title":"Gastrointestinal safety and anti-inflammatory effects of a hydrogen sulfide-releasing diclofenac derivative in the rat","volume":"132","author":"Wallace","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2008.04.005","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide protects rat lung from ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"82","author":"Fu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00256-0","article-title":"The regulatory effect of hydrogen sulphide on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats","volume":"302","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7254.2008.00796.x","article-title":"Hydrogen sulphide regulates lung tissue oxidized glutathione and total antioxidant capacity in hypoxic pulmonary hypertensive rats","volume":"29","author":"Wei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"2235","article-title":"Effects of hydrogen sulphide on vascular inflammation in pulmonary hypertension induced by high pulmonary blood flow: Experiment with rats","volume":"88","author":"Jin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.11.009","article-title":"Endogenous hydrogen sulfide reduces airway inflammation and remodeling in a rat model of asthma","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2010.06.002","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide and Ischemia\u2014Reperfusion Injury","volume":"62","author":"Nicholson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00596","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Ameliorates Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through SIRT1 Signaling Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Rats","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1915","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide induces cyclic AMP and modulates the NMDA receptor","volume":"267","author":"Kimura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.795","article-title":"Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide: Synaptic modulation, neuroprotection, and smooth muscle relaxation","volume":"7","author":"Kimura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2009.08.008","article-title":"Hydrogen sulphide: A novel signalling molecule in the central nervous system","volume":"56","author":"Tan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04283.x","article-title":"Hydrogen sulphide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in microglia","volume":"100","author":"Hu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.68.2.320-344.2004","article-title":"ERK and p38 MAPK-activated protein kinases: A family of protein kinases with diverse biological functions","volume":"68","author":"Roux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4513","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807974105","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide as a mediator of human corpus cavernosum smooth-muscle relaxation","volume":"106","author":"Sorrentino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.09.001","article-title":"NSAIDs, coxibs, CINOD and H2S-releasing NSAIDs: What lies beyond the horizon","volume":"39","author":"Fiorucci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"1151","article-title":"NSAID-induced gastrointestinal damage and the design of GI-sparing NSAIDs","volume":"9","author":"Wallace","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707396","article-title":"Building a better aspirin: Gaseous solutions to a century-old problem","volume":"152","author":"Wallace","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-017-4681-0","article-title":"Gaseous Mediators in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Defense and Injury","volume":"62","author":"Wallace","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glowacka, U., Brzozowski, T., and Magierowski, M. (2020). Synergisms, discrepancies and interactions between hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide in the gastrointestinal and digestive system physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. Biomolecules, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10030445"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2015.08.005","article-title":"Gaseous mediator-based anti-inflammatory drugs","volume":"25","author":"Sulaieva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.106435","article-title":"5-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-(5-thioxo-5H-[1,2]dithiol-3yl)-phenyl ester (ATB-429), a hydrogen sulfide-releasing derivative of mesalamine, exerts antinociceptive effects in a model of postinflammatory hypersensitivity","volume":"319","author":"Distrutti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Exp."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.00640.x","article-title":"Differing effects of exogenous and endogenous hydrogen sulphide in carrageenan-induced knee joint synovitis in the rat","volume":"159","author":"Santos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.091595","article-title":"Evidence that hydrogen sulfide exerts antinociceptive effects in the gastrointestinal tract by activating KATP channels","volume":"316","author":"Distrutti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.05.015","article-title":"Role of hydrogen sulfide in endothelial dysfunction: Pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches","volume":"27","author":"Citi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105125","article-title":"Role of hydrogen sulfide in cardiovascular ageing","volume":"160","author":"Testai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9059","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29761","article-title":"Protective mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide in myocardial ischemia","volume":"235","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_92","first-page":"4105382","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide as a Potential Alternative for the Treatment of Myocardial Fibrosis","volume":"23","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.101961","article-title":"Spatiotemporal regulation of hydrogen sulfide signaling in the kidney","volume":"43","author":"Roorda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsu, C.N., and Tain, Y.L. (2018). Hydrogen Sulfide in Hypertension and Kidney Disease of Developmental Origins. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051438"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corvino, A., Frecentese, F., Magli, E., Perissutti, E., Santagada, V., Scognamiglio, A., Caliendo, G., Fiorino, F., and Severino, B. (2021). Trends in H2S-Donors Chemistry and Their Effects in Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10030429"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105121","article-title":"H2S- and NO-releasing gasotransmitter platform: A crosstalk signaling pathway in the treatment of acute kidney injury","volume":"161","author":"Pieretti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao, X., Zhang, W., Moore, P.K., and Bian, J. (2019). Protective Smell of Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfide in Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20020313"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00702","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Central Nervous System Degeneration Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Zhong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gambari, L., Grigolo, B., and Grassi, F. (2019). Hydrogen Sulfide in Bone Tissue Regeneration and Repair: State of the Art and New Perspectives. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20205231"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14699","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide and dermatological diseases","volume":"177","author":"Costa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2017.7058","article-title":"A Review of Hydrogen Sulfide Synthesis, Metabolism, and Measurement: Is Modulation of Hydrogen Sulfide a Novel Therapeutic for Cancer?","volume":"31","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-020-00216-9","article-title":"The role of host defences in Covid 19 and treatments thereof","volume":"26","author":"Dattilo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4931","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15230","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and antiviral roles of hydrogen sulfide: Rationale for considering H2S donors in COVID-19 therapy","volume":"177","author":"Citi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5129","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22200","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells Against Glaucomatous Injury In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-813X(01)00021-3","article-title":"Neurotoxicological effects associated with short-term exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to hydrogen sulfide","volume":"22","author":"Struve","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318167af0d","article-title":"Inhaled Hydrogen Sulfide: A Rapidly Reversible Inhibitor of Cardiac and Metabolic Function in the Mouse","volume":"108","author":"Volpato","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181de7107","article-title":"Inhaled hydrogen sulfide protects against ventilator-induced lung injury","volume":"113","author":"Faller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3181ffff0e","article-title":"Inflammatory Effects of Hypothermia and Inhaled H2S During Resuscitated, Hyperdynamic Murine Septic Shock","volume":"35","author":"Wagner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31802e27a0","article-title":"Suspended animation-like state protects mice from lethal hypoxia","volume":"27","author":"Blackstone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.5024","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Treatment Promotes Glucose Uptake by Increasing Insulin Receptor Sensitivity and Ameliorates Kidney Lesions in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Xue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1021\/es60065a008","article-title":"Kinetics of oxidation of aqueous sulfide by oxygen","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"1972","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.09.018","article-title":"Making and working with hydrogen sulfide","volume":"47","author":"Hughes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.920991","article-title":"Genetic and Pharmacologic Hydrogen Sulfide Therapy Attenuates Ischemia-Induced Heart Failure in Mice","volume":"122","author":"Calvert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6008","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.21.6008","article-title":"The vasorelaxant effect of H2S as a novel endogenous gaseous KATP channel opener","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2051-5","article-title":"Gastroprotective effect of NaHS against mucosal lesions induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat","volume":"57","author":"Mard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b110679","article-title":"An exogenous hydrogen sulphide donor, NaHS, inhibits the nuclear factor \u03baB inhibitor kinase\/nuclear factor \u03baB inhibitor\/nuclear factor- \u03baB signaling pathway and exerts cardioprotective effects in a rat hemorrhagic shock model","volume":"35","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6492469","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6492469","article-title":"The H2S donor NaHS changes the expression pattern of H2S-Producing enzymes after myocardial infarction","volume":"2016","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20080021","article-title":"Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide in a murine model of combined burn and smoke inhalation-induced acute lung injury","volume":"115","author":"Esechie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1682-0","article-title":"Inhibitors of p38 and ERK1\/2 MAPkinase and hydrogen sulphide block constitutive and IL-1\u03b2-induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression in the human chondrocyte cell line C-28\/I2","volume":"32","author":"Kloesch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90524.2008","article-title":"Leukocyte trafficking and pain behavioral responses to a hydrogen sulfide donor in acute monoarthritis","volume":"295","author":"Andruski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-3583fje","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide is a novel mediator of lipopolysaccharideinduced inflammation in the mouse","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-3023fje","article-title":"Role of hydrogen sulfide in acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury","volume":"19","author":"Bhatia","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-008-7231-6","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide is pro-inflammatory in haemorrhagic shock","volume":"57","author":"Mok","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706014","article-title":"Role of hydrogen sulfide in haemorrhagic shock in the rat: Protective effect of inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis","volume":"143","author":"Mok","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.3181\/0712-RM-354","article-title":"Regulatory Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 Levels in the Plasma and Pulmonary Tissue of Rats with Acute Lung Injury","volume":"233","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135718","article-title":"Molecular pathophysiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Moore","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2009.00543.x","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of hydrogen sulfide on Parkinson\u2019s disease rat models","volume":"9","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2013.05.006","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide slows down progression of experimental Alzheimer\u2019s disease by targeting multiple pathophysiological mechanisms","volume":"104","author":"Giuliani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"ref_129","first-page":"1","article-title":"Garlic: A review of potential therapeutic effects","volume":"4","author":"Bayan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Avicenna J. Phytomed."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-960087","article-title":"HPLC analysis of allicin and other thiosulfinates in garlic clove homogenates","volume":"57","author":"Lawson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60174a007","article-title":"Flavor components of garlic extract","volume":"19","author":"Brodnitz","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1560638","article-title":"Natural Products Containing Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing Moieties","volume":"26","author":"Pluth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Synlett"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4196","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.5b01962","article-title":"Diallyl Trisulfide Is a Fast H2S Donor, but Diallyl Disulfide Is a Slow One: The Reaction Pathways and Intermediates of Glutathione with Polysulfides","volume":"17","author":"Liang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2012.04.003","article-title":"Glucosinolates and isothiocyanates in health and disease","volume":"18","author":"Kostov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1368591","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing Capacity of Natural Isothiocyanates: Is It a Reliable Explanation for the Multiple Biological Effects of Brassicaceae?","volume":"80","author":"Citi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2013.11.003","article-title":"Pharmacological characterization of the vascular effects of aryl isothiocyanates: Is hydrogen sulfide the real player?","volume":"60","author":"Martelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vascul. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5977","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.9b02117","article-title":"Isothiocyanates as H2S Donors Triggered by Cysteine: Reaction Mechanism and Structure and Activity Relationship","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5210","DOI":"10.1021\/cr040650b","article-title":"Use of Lawesson\u2019s Reagent in Organic Syntheses","volume":"107","author":"Ozturk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5018","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01600a058","article-title":"The Phosphonation of Aromatic Compounds with Phosphorus Pentasulfide","volume":"78","author":"Lecher","year":"1956","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.15227\/orgsyn.062.0158","article-title":"Thiation with 2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane 2,4-disulfide: N-methylthiopyrrolidone","volume":"62","author":"Thomsen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Org. Synth."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431X20133030","article-title":"The hydrogen sulfide donor, Lawesson\u2019s reagent, prevents alendronate-induced gastric damage in rats","volume":"46","author":"Nicolau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200907-1145OC","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Improves Neutrophil Migration and Survival in Sepsis via K+ATP channel activation","volume":"182","author":"Spiller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.753467","article-title":"Characterization of a novel, water-soluble hydrogen sulfide-releasing molecule (GYY4137): New insights into the biology of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"117","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2014.11.014","article-title":"GYY4137, a novel water-soluble, H2S-releasing molecule","volume":"554","author":"Rose","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11788","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CC00968A","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) releasing agents: Chemistry and biological applications","volume":"50","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1021\/ml400239a","article-title":"Arylthioamides as H2S donors: l-cysteine-activated releasing properties and vascular effects in vitro and in vivo","volume":"4","author":"Martelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.06.028","article-title":"Pharmacological postconditioning against myocardial infarction with a slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide donor, GYY4137","volume":"111","author":"Karwi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.12.030","article-title":"GYY4137 protects against myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury via activation of the PHLPP-1\/Akt\/Nrf2 signaling pathway in diabetic mice","volume":"225","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.02.015","article-title":"GYY4137 protects against MCAO via p38 MAPK mediated anti-apoptotic signaling pathways in rats","volume":"158","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1039\/C5MD00170F","article-title":"Investigating the generation of hydrogen sulfide from the phosphonamidodithioate slow-release donor GYY4137","volume":"6","author":"Alexander","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moore, P.K., and Whiteman, M. (2015). Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-18144-8"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1039\/c3mb70145j","article-title":"Synthesis and evaluation of phosphorodithioate-based hydrogen sulfide donors","volume":"9","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biosyst."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6336","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b01373","article-title":"pH-controlled hydrogen sulfide release for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"138","author":"Kang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018538424373","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of molybdenum disulphide formed from ammonium tetrathiomolybdate","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2016.02.005","article-title":"Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate as a water-soluble and slow-release hydrogen sulfide donor","volume":"26","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dyson, A., Dal-Pizzol, F., Sabbatini, G., Lach, A.B., Galfo, F., Dos Santos Cardoso, J., Pescador Mendon\u00e7a, B., Hargreaves, I., Bollen Pinto, B., and Bromage, D.I. (2017). Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate following ischemia\/reperfusion injury: Chemistry, pharmacology, and impact of a new class of sulfide donor in preclinical injury models. PLoS Med., 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002310"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Zhang, A., Guo, C., Shi, C., Zhang, Y., Liu, Q., Sparatore, A., and Wang, C. (2011). S-diclofenac protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice via ameliorating cardiac gap junction remodeling. PLoS ONE, 6.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026441"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2339","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.209","article-title":"Gp130-mediated STAT3 activation by S-propargyl-cysteine, an endogenous hydrogen sulfide initiator, prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-08-0636","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide regulates cardiac function and structure in adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy","volume":"73","author":"Su","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-1326","article-title":"Influencing the tumor microenvironment: A phase II study of copper depletion using tetrathiomolybdate in patients with breast cancer at high risk for recurrence and in preclinical models of lung metastases","volume":"23","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1071\/CH09517","article-title":"Synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of aryl dithiolethiones with cyclooxygenase-2-selective inhibitory activity and hydrogen sulfide-releasing properties","volume":"63","author":"Zanatta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.12.011","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and gastrointestinal effects of a novel diclofenac derivative","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rakitin, O.A. (2021). Synthesis and Reactivity of 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thiones. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26123595"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1021\/cr60234a004","article-title":"The chemistry of 1,2-dithiole-3-thiones","volume":"65","author":"Landis","year":"1965","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(00)01191-6","article-title":"Dianions of 3-Oxo dithioic Acids: Preparation and Conversion to 3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thiones","volume":"41","author":"Curphey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4020(01)93760-3","article-title":"Syntheses of 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thiones and 4H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine derivatives from the dimer of p-methoxyphenyl-thionophosphine sulfide and der","volume":"35","author":"Pedersen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9629(15)40606-8","article-title":"Treatment of xerostomia with the bile secretion-stimulating drug anethole trithione: A clinical trial","volume":"318","author":"Hamada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2008.02.007","article-title":"New sulfurated derivatives of valproic acid with enhanced histone deacetylase inhibitory activity","volume":"18","author":"Perrino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2010.05.011","article-title":"New aryldithiolethione derivatives as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors","volume":"18","author":"Tazzari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.0026","article-title":"Inhibition of NF-jB activation in human T-cell lines by anetholdithiolthione","volume":"218","author":"Sen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qandil, A.M. (2012). Prodrugs of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), More Than Meets the Eye: A Critical Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms131217244"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2008.11.013","article-title":"Pharmacological profile of a novel H2S-releasing aspirin","volume":"46","author":"Sparatore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.08.039","article-title":"Activity of a new hydrogen sulfide-releasing aspirin (ACS14) on pathological cardiovascular alterations induced by glutathione depletion in rats","volume":"648","author":"Rossoni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1021\/ml300002m","article-title":"NOSH-Aspirin: A novel nitric oxide\u2013hydrogen sulfide-releasing hybrid: A new class of anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals","volume":"3","author":"Kodela","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_175","first-page":"146","article-title":"Myocardial protection by the nitroderivative of aspirin, NCX 4016: In vitro and in vivo experiments in the rabbit","volume":"1","author":"Rossoni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Italian Heart J."},{"key":"ref_176","first-page":"355","article-title":"Evidence-Based Revised View of the Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia","volume":"2","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. Adv. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanchez-Aranguren, L.C., Rezai, H., Ahmad, S., Alzahrani, F.A., Sparatore, A., Wang, K., and Ahmed, A. (2020). MZe786 Rescues Cardiac Mitochondrial Activity in High sFlt-1 and Low HO-1 Environment. Antioxidants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9070598"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101768","article-title":"MZe786, a hydrogen sulfide-releasing aspirin prevents preeclampsia in heme oxygenase-1 haplodeficient pregnancy under high soluble flt-1 environment","volume":"38","author":"Rezai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707193","article-title":"Enhanced activity of a hydrogen sulphide releasing derivative of mesalamine (ATB-429) in a mouse model of colitis","volume":"150","author":"Fiorucci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/53.1.380S","article-title":"An open trial of high-dosage antioxidants in early Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"53","author":"Fahn","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005183422004","article-title":"A five-year study of the incidence of dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson\u2019s disease who were treated with ropinirole or levodopa","volume":"342","author":"Rascol","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17318","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.115261","article-title":"Effects of hydrogen sulfide-releasing L-DOPA derivatives on glial activation","volume":"285","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-3589(08)57002-5","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory agents as cancer therapeutics","volume":"57","author":"Kashfi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.02.051","article-title":"NOSH-aspirin (NBS-1120), a novel nitric oxide- and hydrogen sulfide-releasing hybrid is a potent inhibitor of colon cancer cell growth in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model","volume":"419","author":"Chattopadhyay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5308","article-title":"Anti-cancer activity of new designer hydrogen sulfide-donating hybrids","volume":"20","author":"Kashfi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1021\/bc500150s","article-title":"Design and synthesis of polymeric hydrogen sulfide donors","volume":"25","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioconjug. Chem."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3470","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-08-0625","article-title":"Dithiolethiones for cancer chemoprevention: Where do we stand?","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_188","unstructured":"Wood, M.E., Whiteman, M., and Perry, A. (2013). Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing Compounds and Their Use. (No. WO2013045951), U.S. Patent."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2014.04.008","article-title":"AP39, a novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide donor, stimulates cellular bioenergetics, exerts cytoprotective effects and protects against the loss of mitochondrial DNA integrity in oxidatively stressed endothelial cells in vitro","volume":"41","author":"Szczesny","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2015.05.001","article-title":"Mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide donor AP39 improves neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest in mice","volume":"49","author":"Ikeda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000478","article-title":"AP39, a mitochondrially targeted hydrogen sulfide donor, exerts protective effects in renal epithelial cells subjected to oxidative stress in vitro and in acute renal injury in vivo","volume":"45","author":"Ahmad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.116.235119","article-title":"Cardioprotection by H2S donors: Nitric oxide-dependent and independent mechanisms","volume":"358","author":"Chatzianastasiou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13688","article-title":"AP39, a mitochondria-targeting hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, protects against myocardial reperfusion injury independently of salvage kinase signalling","volume":"174","author":"Karwi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.08.019","article-title":"The novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors AP123 and AP39 protect against hyperglycemic injury in microvascular endothelial cells in vitro","volume":"113","author":"Torregrossa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8261","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.21.8261","article-title":"Identification of a common chemical signal regulating the induction of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogenesis","volume":"85","author":"Talalay","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1021\/tx9601667","article-title":"Evidence for thiol-dependent production of oxygen radicals by 4-methyl-5-pyrazinyl-3H-1, 2-dithiole-3-thione: Possible relevance to the anticarcinogenic properties of 1, 2-dithiole-3-thiones","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1021\/ja1085723","article-title":"Cysteine-activated hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors","volume":"133","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1021\/ol500385a","article-title":"S-Aroylthiooximes: A facile route to hydrogen sulfide releasing compounds with structure-dependent release kinetics","volume":"16","author":"Foster","year":"2014","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1021\/cb400090d","article-title":"Aguilar myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201300552","article-title":"New biologically active hydrogen sulfide donors","volume":"14","author":"Roger","year":"2013","journal-title":"ChemBioChem"},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3982","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01136a004","article-title":"gem-Dithiols","volume":"74","author":"Cairns","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3148","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01521a059","article-title":"The preparation of a crystalline gem-dithiol under mild conditions","volume":"81","author":"Berchtold","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4536","DOI":"10.1021\/ol502088m","article-title":"Thiol-activated gem-dithiols: A new class of controllable hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4514","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201511244","article-title":"Esterase-Sensitive Prodrugs with Tunable Release Rates and Direct Generation of Hydrogen Sulfide","volume":"55","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9175","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00781a031","article-title":"Stereopopulation Control. III. Facilitation of Intramolecular Conjugate Addition of the Carboxyl Group","volume":"94","author":"Borchardt","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2009.09.080","article-title":"A Simple Method for the Conversion of Carboxylic Acids into Thioacids with Lawesson\u2019s Reagent","volume":"50","author":"Rao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"ref_207","first-page":"A17903","article-title":"Abstract 17903: Novel Esterase Activated Hydrogen Sulfide Donors Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia\/ Reperfusion Injury","volume":"134","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(80)90236-7","article-title":"Studies of Carbonyl Sulfide Toxicity: Metabolism by Carbonic Anhydrase","volume":"55","author":"Chengelis","year":"1980","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(79)91925-9","article-title":"Hepatic Carbonyl Sulfide Metabolism","volume":"90","author":"Chengelis","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.7b00279","article-title":"Inhibition of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics by Esterase-Triggered COS\/H2S Donors","volume":"12","author":"Steiger","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7256","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b03780","article-title":"Self-Immolative Thiocarbamates Provide Access to Triggered H2S Donors and Analyte Replacement Fluorescent Probes","volume":"138","author":"Steiger","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13477","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b07204","article-title":"Therapeutic Delivery of H2S via COS: Small Molecule and Polymeric Donors with Benign Byproducts","volume":"138","author":"Powell","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6173","DOI":"10.1021\/ma501131t","article-title":"Controlled Polymerization of N-Substituted Glycine N-Thiocarboxyanhydrides Initiated by Rare Earth Borohydrides toward Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polypeptoids","volume":"47","author":"Tao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14638","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201608052","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Donors Activated by Reactive Oxygen Species","volume":"55","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5906","DOI":"10.1021\/ja1014103","article-title":"A Palette of Fluorescent Probes with Varying Emission Colors for Imaging Hydrogen Peroxide Signaling in Living Cells","volume":"132","author":"Dickinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16652","DOI":"10.1021\/ja054474f","article-title":"Boronate-Based Fluorescent Probes for Imaging Cellular Hydrogen Peroxide","volume":"127","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2012.02.028","article-title":"Thioglycine and L-Thiovaline: Biologically Active H2S-donors","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioorganic Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1021\/ol1031393","article-title":"Facile Amide Formation viaS-Nitrosothioacids","volume":"13","author":"Pan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12924","DOI":"10.1021\/ja906005j","article-title":"Thio FCMA Intermediates as Strong Acyl Donors: A General Solution to the Formation of Complex Amide Bonds","volume":"131","author":"Rao","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17045","DOI":"10.1021\/ja1084628","article-title":"A Promising General Solution to the Problem of Ligating Peptides and Glycopeptides","volume":"132","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_221","first-page":"52","article-title":"Oxidative Acylation Using Thioacids","volume":"389","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7973629","article-title":"Synthesis of Proteins by Native Chemical Ligation","volume":"266","author":"Dawson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200805782","article-title":"Epimerization-Free Block Synthesis of Peptides from Thioacids and Amines with the Sanger and Mukaiyama Reagents","volume":"48","author":"Crich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7075682","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7075682","article-title":"Vasorelaxant Effect of a New Hydrogen Sulfide-Nitric Oxide Conjugated Donor in Isolated Rat Aortic Rings through cGMP Pathway","volume":"2016","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2011.05.073","article-title":"Leonurine-Cysteine Analog Conjugates as a New Class of Multifunctional Anti-myocardial Ischemia Agent","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1161\/hh0102.102330","article-title":"Nitric Oxide Donors and Cardiovascular Agents Modulating the Bioactivity of Nitric Oxide: An Overview","volume":"90","author":"Ignarro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-019-0255-3","article-title":"ZYZ-803, a Novel Hydrogen SulfiDe-nitric Oxide Conjugated Donor, Promotes Angiogenesis via Cross-Talk between STAT3 and CaMKII","volume":"41","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2015.6607","article-title":"Novel Angiogenic Activity and Molecular Mechanisms of ZYZ-803, a Slow-Releasing Hydrogen Sulfide-Nitric Oxide Hybrid Molecule","volume":"25","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.11.020","article-title":"Novel H2S-NO Hybrid Molecule (ZYZ-803) Promoted Synergistic Effects Against Heart Failure","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu026","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide Accounts for the Peripheral Vascular Effects of Zofenopril Independently of ACE Inhibition","volume":"102","author":"Bucci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13101","article-title":"Characterization of Zofenoprilat as an Inducer of Functional Angiogenesis through Increased H2S Availability","volume":"172","author":"Terzuoli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2013.08.003","article-title":"The Sulphydryl Containing ACE Inhibitor Zofenoprilat Protects Coronary Endothelium from Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis","volume":"76","author":"Monti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.09.017","article-title":"H2S Dependent and Independent Anti-inflammatory Activity of Zofenoprilat in Cells of the Vascular Wall","volume":"113","author":"Monti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00316478","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of Temocapril, an ACE Inhibitor with Preferential Biliary Excretion, in Patients with Impaired Liver Function","volume":"44","author":"Furuta","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_235","first-page":"1","article-title":"Zofenopril Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia\u2013Reperfusion Injury by Increasing Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Bioavailability","volume":"5","author":"Donnarumma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Hear. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.47850","article-title":"Role of hydrogen sulfide donors in cancer development and progression","volume":"17","author":"Ngowi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101564","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide and its donors: Novel antitumor and antimetastatic therapies for triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101190","article-title":"S-nitrosothiols and H2S donors: Potential chemo-therapeutic agents in Cancer","volume":"27","author":"Stern","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.8b00808","article-title":"First Examples of H2S-Releasing Glycoconjugates: Stereoselective Synthesis and Anticancer Activities","volume":"30","author":"Fortunato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioconjugate Chem."},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6278","article-title":"Anticancer properties of erucin, an H2S-releasing isothiocyanate, on human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells (AsPC-1)","volume":"33","author":"Citi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.111745","article-title":"Design and synthesis of H2S-donor hybrids: A new treatment for Alzheimer\u2019s disease?","volume":"184","author":"Sestito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4612","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40925-8","article-title":"Memantine prodrug as a new agent for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"9","author":"Sestito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.01134","article-title":"H2S Donors Reverse Age-Related Gastric Malfunction Impaired Due to Fructose-Induced Injury via CBS, CSE, and TST expression","volume":"11","author":"Pavlovskiy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00066","article-title":"Anti-metastatic Properties of Naproxen-HBTA in a Murine Model of Cutaneous Melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Ercolano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melino, S., Leo, S., and Papajani, V.T. (2019). Natural Hydrogen Sulfide Donors from Allium sp. As a Nutraceutical Approach in Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11071581"},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.798","article-title":"A novel orally administered trimebutine compound (GIC-1001) is anti-nociceptive and features peripheral opioid agonistic activity and Hydrogen Sulphide-releasing capacity in mice","volume":"20","author":"Cenac","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11940","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11608-z","article-title":"A Novel H2S-releasing Amino- Bisphosphonate which combines bone anti-catabolic and anabolic functions","volume":"7","author":"Rapposelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34398","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34398","article-title":"Fragment-based de novo design of a cystathionine \u03b3-lyase selective inhibitor blocking hydrogen sulfide production","volume":"6","author":"Corvino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2017.10.068","article-title":"1,2,4-Thiadiazolidin-3,5-diones as novel hydrogen sulfide donors","volume":"143","author":"Severino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3222","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13583","article-title":"The novel H2S donor 4-carboxy-pheny isothiocyanate inhibits mast cell degranulation and renin release by decreasing intracellular calcium","volume":"173","author":"Marino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7512","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00888","article-title":"Iminothioethers as Hydrogen Sulfide Donors: From the Gasotransmitter Release to the Vascular Effects","volume":"60","author":"Barresi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.05.017","article-title":"Toxicity, bioactivity, release of H2S in vivo and pharmaco-kinetics of H2S-donors with thiophosphamide structure","volume":"176","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13610","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b06319","article-title":"Cyclic Sulfenyl Thiocarbamates Release Carbonyl Sulfide and Hydrogen Sulfide Independently in Thiol-Promoted Pathways","volume":"141","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00315","article-title":"Development and Application of Carbonyl Sulfide-Based Donors for H2S Delivery","volume":"52","author":"Levinn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8352","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.0c00559","article-title":"Insights into the Mechanism of Thiol-Triggered COS\/H2S Release from N-Dithiasuccinoyl Amine","volume":"85","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7122","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TB02352B","article-title":"The benefits of macromolecular hydrogen sulfide prodrugs","volume":"6","author":"Connal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gojon, G., and Morales, G.A. (2020). SG1002 and Catenated Divalent Organic Sulfur Compounds as Promising Hydrogen Sulfide Prodrugs. Antioxid. Redox Signal., 33.","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2020.8060"},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113517","article-title":"Hybrids Between H2S-donors And Betamethasone 17-Valerate or Triamcinolone Acetonide Inhibit Mast Cell Degranulation and Promote Hyperpolarization of Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells","volume":"221","author":"Giordano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corvino, A., Citi, V., Fiorino, F., Frecentese, F., Magli, E., Perissutti, E., Santagada, V., Calderone, V., Martelli, A., and Gorica, E. (2021). H2S donating corticosteroids: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation in a murine model of asthma. J. Adv. Res., in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2021.05.008"},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S100534","article-title":"Chemopreventive activity of sulforaphane","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/11\/12\/1899\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:51:23Z","timestamp":1760169083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/11\/12\/1899"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]]},"references-count":260,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["biom11121899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom11121899","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]]}}}