{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T19:27:03Z","timestamp":1784316423669,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]],"date-time":"2022-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University, Saudi Arabia","award":["DSR2022-RG-0150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DSR2022-RG-0150"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Rosiridin is a compound extracted from Rhodiola sachalinensis; water extracts of Rhodiola root elicit positive effects on the human central nervous system and improve brain function. They are also thought to be beneficial to one\u2019s health, in addition to being antioxidants. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-Huntington\u2019s effect of rosiridin against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA)-induced Huntington\u2019s disease (HD)-like effects in rats. Materials and Methods: The acute toxicity in rats was elucidated to track the conceivable toxicities in the rats. The effectiveness of rosiridin at a dosage of 10 mg\/kg was evaluated against several dose administrations of 3-NPA-induced HD-like symptoms in the rats for 22 days. At the end of the study, behavioral parameters were assessed as a hallmark for the cognitive and motor functions in the rats. Similarly, after the behavioral assessment, the animals were sacrificed to obtain a brain tissue homogenate. The prepared homogenate was utilized for the estimation of several biochemical parameters, including oxidative stress (glutathione, catalase, and malondialdehyde), brain-derived neurotrophic factor and succinate dehydrogenase activity, and the glutamate and acetylcholinesterase levels in the brain. Furthermore, inflammatory mediators linked to the occurrence of neuroinflammation in rats were evaluated in the perfused brain tissues. Results: The rosiridin-treated group exhibited a significant restoration of behavioral parameters, including in the beam-walk test, latency in falling during the hanging wire test, and percentage of memory retention during the elevated plus-maze test. Further, rosiridin modulated several biochemical parameters, including oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory activity, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nitrite, and acetylcholinesterase as compared to disease control group that was treated with 3-NPA. Conclusions: The current study exhibits the anti-Huntington\u2019s effects of rosiridin in experimental animal models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12081023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T22:49:02Z","timestamp":1658702942000},"page":"1023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Anti-Huntington\u2019s Effect of Rosiridin via Oxidative Stress\/AchE Inhibition and Modulation of Succinate Dehydrogenase, Nitrite, and BDNF Levels against 3-Nitropropionic Acid in Rodents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2570-3223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Afzal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadeem","family":"Sayyed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur 247121, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid Saad","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4007-4023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami I.","family":"Alzarea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3423-6199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Salem","family":"Alshammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0788-6919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadhel A.","family":"Alomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sattam Khulaif","family":"Alenezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anwarulabedin Mohsin","family":"Quazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz I.","family":"Alzarea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1881-5219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imran","family":"Kazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-5-40","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s disease: A clinical review","volume":"5","author":"Roos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orphanet J. 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