{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:12:17Z","timestamp":1788383537363,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":256,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India","award":["BT\/556\/NE\/U-Excel\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/556\/NE\/U-Excel\/2016"]}]},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India","award":["RGP.2\/248\/43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/248\/43"]}]},{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University (KKU)","award":["BT\/556\/NE\/U-Excel\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/556\/NE\/U-Excel\/2016"]}]},{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University (KKU)","award":["RGP.2\/248\/43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/248\/43"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There have been magnificent advancements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of chronic diseases over the past several years, but these diseases continue to be a considerable cause of death worldwide. Most of the approved medications available for the prevention and treatment of these diseases target only a single gene\/protein\/pathway and are known to cause severe side effects and are less effective than they are anticipated. Consequently, the development of finer therapeutics that outshine the existing ones is far-reaching. Natural compounds have enormous applications in curbing several disastrous and fatal diseases. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid obtained from the plants Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, and S. lateriflora, which have distinctive pharmacological properties. OA modulates the important signaling pathways, including NF-\u03baB, MAPK, ERK1\/2, Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin, PTEN\/PI3K\/Akt, and signaling molecules, such as TNF-\u03b1, TGF-\u03b2, MMPs, VEGF, interleukins, Bcl-2, caspases, HIF-1\u03b1, EMT proteins, Nrf-2, etc., which play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanism of chronic diseases. Overwhelming pieces of evidence expound on the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer potentials of this flavonoid, which makes it an engrossing compound for research. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies also displayed the promising potential of OA against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, neurological disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. Therefore, the current review focuses on delineating the role of OA in combating different chronic diseases and highlighting the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of its action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12091185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T21:22:56Z","timestamp":1661721776000},"page":"1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Anjana","family":"Sajeev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2926-896X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mangala","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sosmitha","family":"Girisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thulasidharan Nair","family":"Devanarayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7425-3578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed S.","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"BioImaging Unit, Space Research Center, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3141-2900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6579-031X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samir Kumar","family":"Sil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Physiology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gautam","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3540-4449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jen-Tsung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajaikumar B.","family":"Kunnumakkara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6768","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7264","article-title":"Current clinical developments in curcumin-based therapeutics for cancer and chronic diseases","volume":"35","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytother. 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