{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:33:37Z","timestamp":1791984817149,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":184,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,10]],"date-time":"2022-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R01 HL155759 (PC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL155759 (PC)"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R01 HL137076 (PC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL137076 (PC)"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R01 HL159953 (PC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL159953 (PC)"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R01 HL164821 (JH)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL164821 (JH)"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R01 HL130826 (JH)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL130826 (JH)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The alveolar epithelium serves as a barrier between the body and the external environment. To maintain efficient gas exchange, the alveolar epithelium has evolved to withstand and rapidly respond to an assortment of inhaled, injury-inducing stimuli. However, alveolar damage can lead to loss of alveolar fluid barrier function and exuberant, non-resolving inflammation that manifests clinically as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review discusses recent discoveries related to mechanisms of alveolar homeostasis, injury, repair, and regeneration, with a contemporary emphasis on virus-induced lung injury. In addition, we address new insights into how the alveolar epithelium coordinates injury-induced lung inflammation and review maladaptive lung responses to alveolar damage that drive ARDS and pathologic lung remodeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12091273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T20:52:25Z","timestamp":1663015945000},"page":"1273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["New Insights into the Alveolar Epithelium as a Driver of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0185-9074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marilia","family":"Sanches Santos Rizzo Zuttion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2203-6568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Kathryn Littlehale","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5330-1718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew Kota","family":"Beppu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA"},{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6630-0060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime Lynn","family":"Hook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Imaging Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Weibel, E.R. 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