{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T13:24:34Z","timestamp":1784208274601,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]],"date-time":"2022-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG8J0681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG8J0681"]}]},{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG8G0792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG8G0792"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Raftlin, as an inflammatory biomarker, has been previously reported in chronic inflammatory diseases. This study investigates the expression of Raftlin in cigarette smokers and in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), as well as evaluating its correlation with interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) levels. A total of 30 CRSwNP non-smoking and 16 CRSwNP + SK (smoking) patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled, while 20 middle turbinate tissue pieces were examined and performed as the control group. In nasal mucosa epithelial staining, Raftlin levels were elevated in the columnar cells and were stained much more intensely in the CRSwNP and CRSwNP + SK groups. Raftlin was located more closely to the apical region of the epithelium in the CRSwNP + SK group; however, the Raftlin levels from whole nasal tissue pieces, according to ELISA data, showed that there was no significant difference between the three different study groups. A positive relationship by Pearson correlation was found between IL-17 or TNF-\u03b1 levels and Raftlin levels. Taken together, these data indicate that increasing Raftlin expression in columnar cells might involve nasal epithelial remodeling in smokers with CRSwNP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12091316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T22:12:43Z","timestamp":1663539163000},"page":"1316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Expression of Major Lipid Raft Protein Raftlin in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps in Smoking and Non-Smoking Patients Correlated with Interleukin-17 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 Levels"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yu-Tsai","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 907, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6877-1579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Hsien","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 907, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Ye","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4124-0222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Chih","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun-Chen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6690-6038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Yen","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin20.401","article-title":"EPOS 2020: European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2020","volume":"58","author":"Fokkens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1324","article-title":"Inflammatory endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis based on cluster analysis of biomarkers","volume":"137","author":"Tomassen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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