{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:02:51Z","timestamp":1789167771909,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["1R01HL141831-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL141831-01"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["1R01HL159960-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL159960-01A1"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["RSD2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSD2012"]}]},{"name":"Radiological Society for North America Research Grant Research Seed Grant","award":["1R01HL141831-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL141831-01"]}]},{"name":"Radiological Society for North America Research Grant Research Seed Grant","award":["1R01HL159960-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL159960-01A1"]}]},{"name":"Radiological Society for North America Research Grant Research Seed Grant","award":["RSD2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSD2012"]}]},{"name":"Society for Interventional Radiology Pilot Research Grant","award":["1R01HL141831-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL141831-01"]}]},{"name":"Society for Interventional Radiology Pilot Research Grant","award":["1R01HL159960-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL159960-01A1"]}]},{"name":"Society for Interventional Radiology Pilot Research Grant","award":["RSD2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSD2012"]}]},{"name":"MD Anderson\u2019s Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging Pilot Project Program Research Grant","award":["1R01HL141831-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL141831-01"]}]},{"name":"MD Anderson\u2019s Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging Pilot Project Program Research Grant","award":["1R01HL159960-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL159960-01A1"]}]},{"name":"MD Anderson\u2019s Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging Pilot Project Program Research Grant","award":["RSD2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSD2012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for chronic hemodialysis, but high failure rates restrict its use. Optimizing patients\u2019 perioperative status and the surgical technique, among other methods for preventing primary AVF failure, continue to fall short in lowering failure rates in clinical practice. One of the predominant causes of AVF failure is neointimal hyperplasia (NIH), a process that results from the synergistic effects of inflammation, hypoxia, and hemodynamic shear stress on vascular tissue. Although several systemic therapies have aimed at suppressing NIH, none has shown a clear benefit towards this goal. Localized therapeutic approaches may improve rates of AVF maturation by providing direct structural and functional support to the maturating fistula, as well as by delivering higher doses of pharmacologic agents while avoiding the adverse effects associated with systemic administration of therapeutic agents. Novel materials\u2014such as polymeric scaffolds and nanoparticles\u2014have enabled the development of different perivascular therapies, such as supportive mechanical devices, targeted drug delivery, and cell-based therapeutics. In this review, we summarize various perivascular therapeutic approaches, available data on their effectiveness, and the outlook for localized therapies targeting NIH in the setting of AVF for hemodialysis use. Highlights: Most systemic therapies do not improve AVF patency outcomes; therefore, localized therapeutic approaches may be beneficial. Locally delivered drugs and medical devices may improve AVF patency outcomes by providing biological and mechanical support. Cell-based therapies have shown promise in suppressing NIH by delivering a more extensive array of bioactive substances in response to the biochemical changes in the AVF microenvironment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12101367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T21:14:28Z","timestamp":1664140468000},"page":"1367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Localized Perivascular Therapeutic Approaches to Inhibit Venous Neointimal Hyperplasia in Arteriovenous Fistula Access for Hemodialysis Use"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Allan John R.","family":"Barcena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joy Vanessa D.","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX 75390, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Francisco M.","family":"Heralde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven Y.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7447-0705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marites P.","family":"Melancon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP92S104","article-title":"Kidney Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","volume":"93","author":"Qarni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. 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