{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T19:43:28Z","timestamp":1778960608532,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Marie Sk\u0142odowska\u2013Curie European Training Network (ETN)","award":["H2020\u2013MSCAETN\u20132014\u2013642023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020\u2013MSCAETN\u20132014\u2013642023"]}]},{"name":"Marie Sk\u0142odowska\u2013Curie European Training Network (ETN)","award":["ISS20\u20134aeae96c8911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISS20\u20134aeae96c8911"]}]},{"name":"Bando Ricerca Indipendente ISS 2020\u20132022","award":["H2020\u2013MSCAETN\u20132014\u2013642023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020\u2013MSCAETN\u20132014\u2013642023"]}]},{"name":"Bando Ricerca Indipendente ISS 2020\u20132022","award":["ISS20\u20134aeae96c8911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISS20\u20134aeae96c8911"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mitochondrial (mt) DNA and nuclear (n) DNA have known structures and roles in cells; however, they are rarely compared under specific conditions such as oxidative or degenerative environments that can create damage to the DNA base moieties. Six purine lesions were ascertained in the mtDNA of wild type (wt) CSA (CS3BE\u2013wtCSA) and wtCSB (CS1AN\u2013wtCSB) cells and defective counterparts CS3BE and CS1AN in comparison with the corresponding total (t) DNA (t = n + mt). In particular, the four 5\u2032,8\u2013cyclopurine (cPu) and the two 8\u2013oxo\u2013purine (8\u2013oxo\u2013Pu) lesions were accurately quantified by LC\u2013MS\/MS analysis using isotopomeric internal standards after an enzymatic digestion procedure. The 8\u2013oxo\u2013Pu levels were found to be in the range of 25\u201350 lesions\/107 nucleotides in both the mtDNA and tDNA. The four cPu were undetectable in the mtDNA both in defective cells and in the wt counterparts (CSA and CSB), contrary to their detection in tDNA, indicating a nonappearance of hydroxyl radical (HO\u2022) reactivity within the mtDNA. In order to assess the HO\u2022 reactivity towards purine nucleobases in the two genetic materials, we performed \u03b3\u2013radiolysis experiments coupled with the 8\u2013oxo\u2013Pu and cPu quantifications on isolated mtDNA and tDNA from wtCSB cells. In the latter experiments, all six purine lesions were detected in both of the DNA, showing a higher resistance to HO\u2022 attack in the case of mtDNA compared with tDNA, likely due to their different DNA helical topology influencing the relative abundance of the lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12111630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T03:28:10Z","timestamp":1667532490000},"page":"1630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Assessing the Formation of Purine Lesions in Mitochondrial DNA of Cockayne Syndrome Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2626-2925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chryssostomos","family":"Chatgilialoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattivit\u00e0, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61\u2013614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marios G.","family":"Krokidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. \u201cDemokritos\u201d, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7163-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalisa","family":"Masi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2916-8654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Barata-Vallejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattivit\u00e0, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquim\u00edca, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 954, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1359-0869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Ferreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattivit\u00e0, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8383-8751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Pascucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariarosaria","family":"D\u2019Errico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2001","article-title":"Free radicals in the physiological control of cell function","volume":"82","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physiol. 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