{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:53:03Z","timestamp":1791413583756,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":142,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21-75-20069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-75-20069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["93018770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93018770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EJP RD 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EJP RD 2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"St. Petersburg State University","award":["21-75-20069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-75-20069"]}]},{"name":"St. Petersburg State University","award":["93018770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93018770"]}]},{"name":"St. Petersburg State University","award":["EJP RD 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EJP RD 2019"]}]},{"name":"European Joint Program Rare Disease","award":["21-75-20069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-75-20069"]}]},{"name":"European Joint Program Rare Disease","award":["93018770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93018770"]}]},{"name":"European Joint Program Rare Disease","award":["EJP RD 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EJP RD 2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The key element of dopamine (DA) neurotransmission is undoubtedly DA transporter (DAT), a transmembrane protein responsible for the synaptic reuptake of the mediator. Changes in DAT\u2019s function can be a key mechanism of pathological conditions associated with hyperdopaminergia. The first strain of gene-modified rodents with a lack of DAT were created more than 25 years ago. Such animals are characterized by increased levels of striatal DA, resulting in locomotor hyperactivity, increased levels of motor stereotypes, cognitive deficits, and other behavioral abnormalities. The administration of dopaminergic and pharmacological agents affecting other neurotransmitter systems can mitigate those abnormalities. The main purpose of this review is to systematize and analyze (1) known data on the consequences of changes in DAT expression in experimental animals, (2) results of pharmacological studies in these animals, and (3) to estimate the validity of animals lacking DAT as models for discovering new treatments of DA-related disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13050806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T03:32:27Z","timestamp":1683689547000},"page":"806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Dopamine Transporter Deficient Rodents: Perspectives and Limitations for Neuroscience"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5851-9102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artem","family":"Savchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6-8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2933-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgia","family":"Targa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences \u201cRodolfo Paoletti\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoia","family":"Fesenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 7\/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9219-5498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damiana","family":"Leo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raul R.","family":"Gainetdinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 7\/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"St. Petersburg University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, Fontanka River Emb. 154, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9251-9923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilya","family":"Sukhanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Lev Tolstoy Str. 6-8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"St. Petersburg University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, Fontanka River Emb. 154, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-018-0632-3","article-title":"Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases","volume":"39","author":"Klein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. 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