{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T23:39:40Z","timestamp":1788910780641,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,2]],"date-time":"2023-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["Progetti Ricerca Corrente\u2014RC3.6 and 4.3 2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Progetti Ricerca Corrente\u2014RC3.6 and 4.3 2022"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RF-2016-02362541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2016-02362541"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Progetti Ricerca Corrente\u2014RC3.6 and 4.3 2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Progetti Ricerca Corrente\u2014RC3.6 and 4.3 2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF-2016-02362541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2016-02362541"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), which include basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and actinic keratosis (AK), are the most common cancer diseases in the Caucasian race. If diagnosed late and improperly treated, BCC and SCC can become locally advanced and metastasize. Malignant melanoma (MM) is less frequent but more lethal than NMSC. Given the individual and social burdens of skin cancers, performing an adequate prevention is needed. Ultraviolet (UV) ray exposure is one of the main risk factors for skin cancer. Thus, the first-choice prevention strategy is represented by photoprotection that can be both topical and systemic. The latter consists of the oral administration of molecules which protect human skin against the damaging effects of UV rays, acting through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or immunomodulator mechanisms. Although several compounds are commonly used for photoprotection, only a few molecules have demonstrated their effectiveness in clinical trials and have been included in international guidelines for NMSC prevention (i.e., nicotinamide and retinoids). Moreover, none of them have been demonstrated as able to prevent MM. Clinical and preclinical data regarding the most common compounds used for systemic photoprotection are reported in this review, with a focus on the main mechanisms involved in their photoprotective properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:34:08Z","timestamp":1688344448000},"page":"1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Systemic Photoprotection in Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mariafrancesca","family":"Hyeraci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena Sofia","family":"Papanikolau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Grimaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8388-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabatino","family":"Pallotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Monetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ylenia Aura","family":"Minaf\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Di Lella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5308-686X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Galdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, AORN San Giuseppe Moscati, 83100 Avellino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damiano","family":"Abeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Fania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4329-3312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Dellambra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.762","article-title":"Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in relation to ambient UV radiation in white populations, 1978\u20132012: Empirical relationships","volume":"150","author":"Xiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.06.110","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline","volume":"51","author":"Stratigos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. 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