{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T15:51:40Z","timestamp":1793807500918,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}]},{"name":"PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008871","name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017720","name":"Kunming Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017720","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Investigator Program from Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["2022YFC2105003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2105003"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["U2002219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2002219"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008-003"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["SAJC202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAJC202103"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["202003AD150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202003AD150008"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["202302AA310035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302AA310035"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["2022SCP007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SCP007"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["2022YKZY006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YKZY006"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["2120784001315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001315"]}]},{"name":"Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of Kunming","award":["2120784001310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120784001310"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the increase in drug-resistant bacteria, new antibacterial drugs have emerged as a prominent area of research and development. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as innate immune agents, have garnered significant attention due to their potent, rapid, and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. This study focused on investigating the functionality of three AMPs (CATH 1, CATH 2, and MAP34-B) derived from goat submandibular glands. Among these AMPs, CATH 2 and MAP34-B exhibited direct antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, primarily targeting the bacterial membrane. Additionally, these two AMPs were found to have the potential to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in bacterial cells and interact with bacterial genome DNA, which may play a crucial role in their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, both CATH 1 and CATH 2 demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, and all three AMPs exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity. Importantly, the cytotoxic activity of these AMPs against mammalian cells was found to be weak, and their hemolytic activity was extremely low. Overall, the characteristics of these three AMPs found in goat submandibular glands offer new insights for the study of host protection from an immunological perspective. They hold promise as potential candidates for the development of novel antibacterial agents, particularly in the context of combating drug-resistant bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13101453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T07:38:46Z","timestamp":1695800326000},"page":"1453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Functional Analyses of Three Targeted DNA Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Goats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8124-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aili","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaochi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiyin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1038\/292246a0","article-title":"Sequence and specificity of two antibacterial proteins involved in insect immunity","volume":"292","author":"Steiner","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)89110-4","article-title":"Primary structures of six antimicrobial peptides of rabbit peritoneal neutrophils","volume":"260","author":"Selsted","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.15.5449","article-title":"Magainins, a class of antimicrobial peptides from Xenopus skin: Isolation, characterization of two active forms, and partial cDNA sequence of a precursor","volume":"84","author":"Zasloff","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.043","article-title":"Plant antimicrobial peptides: An overview about classification, toxicity and clinical applications","volume":"214","author":"Lima","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04051","article-title":"Plectasin is a peptide antibiotic with therapeutic potential from a saprophytic fungus","volume":"437","author":"Mygind","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989-008-9159-7","article-title":"ChBac3. 4: A novel proline-rich antimicrobial peptide from goat leukocytes","volume":"15","author":"Shamova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Pept. Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.062","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides: New hope in the war against multidrug resistance","volume":"40","author":"Mwangi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zool. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2016.09.018","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs): Ancient compounds that represent novel weapons in the fight against bacteria","volume":"133","author":"Ageitos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-005-0936-5","article-title":"Human antimicrobial peptides: Defensins, cathelicidins and histatins","volume":"27","author":"Contreras","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516679973","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides: Mechanisms of action and resistance","volume":"96","author":"Bechinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10957","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-012-1997-x","article-title":"Cathelicidins: Family of antimicrobial peptides. A review","volume":"39","author":"Lisowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)81093-2","article-title":"Primary structure of a new cysteine proteinase inhibitor from pig leucocytes","volume":"255","author":"Ritonja","year":"1989","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026615666150701115911","article-title":"Disulfide Bridges in Defensins","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2019.103556","article-title":"Defensins: Transcriptional regulation and function beyond antimicrobial activity","volume":"104","author":"Contreras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2018.11.304","article-title":"Defensins, a novel type of animal toxin-like potassium channel inhibitor","volume":"157","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357022971","article-title":"Histatins: Antimicrobial peptides with therapeutic potential","volume":"56","author":"Kavanagh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12816","article-title":"Histatins, wound healing, and cell migration","volume":"24","author":"Torres","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral. Dis."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)68522-9","article-title":"Histatins, a novel family of histidine-rich proteins in human parotid secretion. Isolation, characterization, primary structure, and fungistatic effects on Candida albicans","volume":"263","author":"Oppenheim","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.8.2549-2554.1991","article-title":"Anticandidal activity of major human salivary histatins","volume":"59","author":"Xu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345900690010101","article-title":"Structural relationship between human salivary histatins","volume":"69","author":"Troxler","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3898","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)39678-4","article-title":"Salivary histatin 5: Dependence of sequence, chain length, and helical conformation for candidacidal activity","volume":"265","author":"Raj","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14637","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.141366998","article-title":"The human salivary peptide histatin 5 exerts its antifungal activity through the formation of reactive oxygen species","volume":"98","author":"Helmerhorst","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2005.07.013","article-title":"Ixodidin, a novel antimicrobial peptide from the hemocytes of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus with inhibitory activity against serine proteinases","volume":"27","author":"Almeida","year":"2006","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4106","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.8.4106-4111.1999","article-title":"Purification and properties of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides from sheep and goat leukocytes","volume":"67","author":"Shamova","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.3.715-722.2001","article-title":"Structural and functional analysis of horse cathelicidin peptides","volume":"45","author":"Kerlavaj","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.05.001","article-title":"Isolation and characterisation of antimicrobial peptides from deer neutrophils","volume":"26","author":"Treffers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.32607\/20758251-2016-8-3-136-146","article-title":"Minibactenecins ChBac7.N\u03b1 and ChBac7. N\u03b2-Antimicrobial Peptides from Leukocytes of the Goat Capra hircus","volume":"8","author":"Shamova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Nat."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13431","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70328-z","article-title":"Extensive bacteriocin gene shuffling in the Streptococcus bovis\/Streptococcus equinus complex reveals gallocin D with activity against vancomycin resistant enterococci","volume":"10","author":"Hill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(03)00180-8","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides in animals and their role in host defences","volume":"22","author":"Brogden","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9947","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.9947","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals potential immune function-related regulatory genes\/pathways of female Lubo goat submandibular glands at different developmental stages","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"94","article-title":"Identification and characterization of two novel cathelicidins from the frog Odorrana livida","volume":"40","author":"Qi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zool. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2020.103928","article-title":"Identification and characterization of novel bi-functional cathelicidins from the black-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculata) with both anti-infective and antioxidant activities","volume":"116","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2020.107729","article-title":"Antimicrobial, anti-biofilm properties of three naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides against spoilage bacteria, and their synergistic effect with chemical preservatives in food storage","volume":"123","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.3023","article-title":"Infusions of Portuguese medicinal plants: Dependence of final antioxidant capacity and phenol content on extraction features","volume":"87","author":"Pereira","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6846","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b00737","article-title":"De novo molecular design of a novel octapeptide that inhibits in vivo melanogenesis and has great transdermal ability","volume":"61","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duan, Y., Ouyang, J., Mo, G., Hao, W., Zhang, P., Yang, H., Liu, X., Wang, R., Cao, B., and Wang, Y. (2022). Defensing role of novel piscidins from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) with evidence of bactericidal activities and inducible expressional delineation. Microbiol. Res., 256.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2021.126953"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009616228304","article-title":"Role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in apoptosis induction","volume":"5","author":"Simon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.13165","article-title":"Antibacterial activities and molecular mechanism of amino-terminal fragments from pig nematode antimicrobial peptide CP-1","volume":"91","author":"Dong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Drug Des."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.08.026","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides","volume":"52","author":"Izadpanah","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2004.09.005","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides: Premises and promises","volume":"24","author":"Reddy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2012.12.016","article-title":"Bactericidal activity of tracheal antimicrobial peptide against respiratory pathogens of cattle","volume":"152","author":"Schott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Veter-Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1056545","article-title":"An antimicrobial peptide gene found in the male reproductive system of rats","volume":"291","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13088","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.20.13088","article-title":"Identification of CRAMP, a cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide expressed in the embryonic and adult mouse","volume":"272","author":"Gallo","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-019-0058-8","article-title":"Antimicrobial host defence peptides: Functions and clinical potential","volume":"19","author":"Mookherjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12438","article-title":"Goat cathelicidin-2 is secreted by blood leukocytes regardless of lipopolysaccharide stimulation","volume":"87","author":"Srisaikham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2018.10.006","article-title":"Investigation of the binding of goat cathelicidin-7 to lipopolysaccharide and leucocidal suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines","volume":"168","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-018-0607-x","article-title":"Small ruminant lentivirus infection influences expression of acute phase proteins and cathelicidin genes in milk somatic cells and peripheral blood leukocytes of dairy goats","volume":"49","author":"Zalewska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Veter Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029919000037","article-title":"The impact of organic vs. inorganic selenium on dairy goat productivity and expression of selected genes in milk somatic cells","volume":"86","author":"Witek","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panteleev, P.V., Bolosov, I.A., Kalashnikov, A.\u00c0., Kokryakov, V.N., Shamova, O.V., Emelianova, A.A., Balandin, S.V., and Ovchinnikova, T.V. (2018). Combined Antibacterial Effects of Goat Cathelicidins with Different Mechanisms of Action. Front. Microbiol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02983"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20344.x","article-title":"PMAP-37, a novel antibacterial peptide from pig myeloid cells. cDNA cloning, chemical synthesis and activity","volume":"228","author":"Tossi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bolosov, I.A., Panteleev, P.V., Sychev, S.V., Sukhanov, S.V., Mironov, P.A., Myshkin, M.Y., Shenkarev, Z.O., and Ovchinnikova, T.V. (2021). Dodecapeptide Cathelicidins of Cetartiodactyla: Structure, Mechanism of Antimicrobial Action, and Synergistic Interaction With Other Cathelicidins. Front. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.725526"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-011-0721-7","article-title":"Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides: Converging to a non-lytic mechanism of action","volume":"68","author":"Scocchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.387","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides: Old molecules with new ideas","volume":"132","author":"Nakatsuji","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1021\/jm501084q","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides with potential for biofilm eradication: Synthesis and structure activity relationship studies of battacin peptides","volume":"58","author":"Cameron","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4053","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki725","article-title":"Structural and DNA-binding studies on the bovine antimicrobial peptide, indolicidin: Evidence for multiple conformations involved in binding to membranes and DNA","volume":"33","author":"Hsu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0403147","article-title":"Cathelicidins, multifunctional peptides of the innate immunity","volume":"75","author":"Zanetti","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/13\/10\/1453\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:59:38Z","timestamp":1760129978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/13\/10\/1453"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["biom13101453"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom13101453","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]}}}