{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:26:11Z","timestamp":1790817971486,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Basilicata"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The larval stages of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are parasitized by the endophagous parasitoid wasp, Toxoneuron nigriceps (Viereck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). During the injections of eggs, this parasitoid wasp also injects into the host body the secretion of the venom gland and the calyx fluid, which contains a polydnavirus (T. nigriceps BracoVirus: TnBV) and the Ovarian calyx fluid Proteins (OPs). The effects of the OPs on the host immune system have recently been described. In particular, it has been demonstrated that the OPs cause hemocytes to undergo a number of changes, such as cellular oxidative stress, actin cytoskeleton modifications, vacuolization, and the inhibition of hemocyte encapsulation capacity, which results in both a loss of hemocyte functionality and cell death. In this study, by using a combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, the main components of T. nigriceps ovarian calyx fluid proteins were identified and their possible role in the parasitic syndrome was discussed. This study provides useful information to support the analysis of the function of ovarian calyx fluid proteins, to better understand T. nigriceps parasitization success and for a more thorough understanding of the components of ovarian calyx fluid proteins and their potential function in combination with other parasitoid factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13101547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T05:43:28Z","timestamp":1697694208000},"page":"1547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An Overview of Ovarian Calyx Fluid Proteins of Toxoneuron nigriceps (Viereck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): An Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6661-7164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosanna","family":"Salvia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell\u2019Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy"},{"name":"Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell\u2019Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5540-0712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Scieuzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell\u2019Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy"},{"name":"Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell\u2019Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8365-1545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Boschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell\u2019Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2817-7185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Pezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9879-8281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Mistri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 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Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4648-8107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flora","family":"Cozzolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7459-8733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittoria","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, 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