{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:36:12Z","timestamp":1787027772575,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Naturally sourced products like propolis are commonly employed for the non-surgical treatment of periodontal pockets. The use of nanoparticle formulations of these natural remedies has the potential to improve treatment outcomes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of sub-gingivally delivered propolis nanoparticles in the non-surgical management of periodontal pockets. Forty patients diagnosed with periodontitis presenting at least one periodontal pocket with a probing pocket depth between 4 and 6 mm were selected. Patients were randomly assigned into the control group (n = 20), which received scaling and root planing (SRP) and saline (SRP + Saline), and the test group (n = 20), which received SRP and sub-gingivally delivered propolis nanoparticles (PRO) into the periodontal pocket (SRP + PRO). The clinical parameters recorded were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), relative attachment loss (RAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). They were assessed at baseline, one month, and three months post therapy. The results indicated that there was a significant improvement in clinical parameters (p &lt; 0.05) in the test sites compared with the control sites at the end of the study. The gingival index at one month and three months was found to be significantly better in the SRP + PRO group than the SRP + Saline group, with a p value of &lt;0.001. The BOP, PPD, and RAL showed significant improvement with the SRP + PRO group at the end of the 3-month follow-up with p values of 0.0001, 0.001, and 0.05, respectively. The subgingival delivery of propolis nanoparticles showed promising results as an adjunct to SRP in patients with periodontitis presenting periodontal pockets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13111576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T02:40:07Z","timestamp":1698288007000},"page":"1576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Efficacy of Sub-Gingivally Delivered Propolis Nanoparticle in Non-Surgical Management of Periodontal Pocket: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sushree Ambika","family":"Sahu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurav","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhaya Chandra","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8680-2172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lora","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satchidananda","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Sokolowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinkee","family":"Mohanty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmita","family":"Nayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5648-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anurag","family":"Satpathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2348-8515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Lapinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lisbona-Gonz\u00e1lez, M.J., Mu\u00f1oz-Soto, E., Reyes-Botella, C., Olmedo-Gaya, M.V., Diaz-Castro, J., and Moreno-Fernandez, J. 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