{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:36:12Z","timestamp":1787027772710,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Government of the Russian Federation","award":["075-15-2022-1124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2022-1124"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previously, the protective role of the S-layer protein 2 (Slp2) of the vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus 2029 (LC2029) strain against foodborne pathogens Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli O157:H was demonstrated. We demonstrate the new roles of the Slp2-positive LC2029 strain and soluble Slp2 against C. albicans infections. We show that LC2029 bacteria can adhere to the surface of the cervical epithelial HeLa cells, prevent their contact with C. albicans, and block yeast transition to a pathogenic hyphal form. Surface-bound Slp2 provides the ability for LC2029 to co-aggregate with various C. albicans strains, including clinical isolates. C. albicans-induced necrotizing epithelial damage is reduced by colonization with the Slp2-positive LC2029 strain. Slp2 inhibits the adhesion of various strains of C. albicans to different human epithelial cells, blocks yeast transition to a pathogenic hyphal form, and prevents the colonization and pathogenic infiltration of mucosal barriers. Only Slp2 and LC2029 bacteria stimulate the production of protective human \u03b2-defensin 3 in various epithelial cells. These findings support the anti-Candida albicans potential of the probiotic LC2029 strain and Slp2 and form the basis for further research on their ability to prevent and manage invasive Candida infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13121740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T03:40:58Z","timestamp":1701661258000},"page":"1740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Protective Properties of S-layer Protein 2 from Lactobacillus crispatus 2029 against Candida albicans Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Vyacheslav M.","family":"Abramov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution \u201cThe Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality\u201d (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor V.","family":"Kosarev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution \u201cThe Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality\u201d (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4859-7219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey V.","family":"Machulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center \u201cPushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science\u201d, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana V.","family":"Priputnevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgenia I.","family":"Deryusheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Federal Research Center \u201cPushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science\u201d, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander N.","family":"Panin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) 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Skryabin, 109472 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna A.","family":"Akhmetzyanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) Federal State Budgetary Institution \u201cThe Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality\u201d (FGBU VGNKI), 123022 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin S.","family":"Khlebnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunological Engineering, 142380 Lyubuchany, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vadim K.","family":"Sakulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunological Engineering, 142380 Lyubuchany, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raisa N.","family":"Vasilenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunological Engineering, 142380 Lyubuchany, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir A.","family":"Samoilenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center \u201cPushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Science\u201d, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey B.","family":"Gordeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gennady T.","family":"Sukhikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4037-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir N.","family":"Uversky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3124-019X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey V.","family":"Karlyshev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richardson, J.P. 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