{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:12:26Z","timestamp":1787062346134,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lundbeck Foundation","award":["6970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6970"]}]},{"name":"Lundbeck Foundation","award":["0602-02700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0602-02700"]}]},{"name":"Danish Council for Independent Research, Medical Sciences","award":["6970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6970"]}]},{"name":"Danish Council for Independent Research, Medical Sciences","award":["0602-02700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0602-02700"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Increased theta and delta power and decreased alpha and beta power, measured with quantitative electroencephalography (EEG), have been demonstrated to have utility for predicting the development of dementia in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Noradrenaline modulates cortical activity and optimizes cognitive processes. We claim that the loss of noradrenaline may explain cognitive impairment and the pathological slowing of EEG waves. Here, we test the relationship between the number of noradrenergic \u03b12 adrenoceptors and changes in the spectral EEG ratio in patients with PD. Methods: We included nineteen patients with PD and thirteen healthy control (HC) subjects in the study. We used positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]yohimbine to quantify \u03b12 adrenoceptor density. We used EEG power in the delta (\u03b4, 1.5\u20133.9 Hz), theta (\u03b8, 4\u20137.9 Hz), alpha (\u03b1, 8\u201312.9 Hz) and beta (\u03b2, 13\u201330 Hz) bands in regression analyses to test the relationships between \u03b12 adrenoceptor density and EEG band power. Results: PD patients had higher power in the theta and delta bands compared to the HC volunteers. Patients\u2019 theta band power was inversely correlated with \u03b12 adrenoceptor density in the frontal cortex. In the HC subjects, age was correlated with, and occipital background rhythm frequency (BRF) was inversely correlated with, \u03b12 adrenoceptor density in the frontal cortex, while occipital BRF was inversely correlated with \u03b12 adrenoceptor density in the thalamus. Conclusions: The findings support the claim that the loss or dysfunction of noradrenergic neurotransmission may relate to the parallel processes of cognitive decline and EEG slowing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14020209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T03:50:27Z","timestamp":1707709827000},"page":"209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["EEG Frequency Correlates with \u03b12-Receptor Density in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5357-8733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam F.","family":"Kemp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kinnerup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6516-8010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birger","family":"Johnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steen","family":"Jakobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adjmal","family":"Nahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, 211 46 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3756-7401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Gjedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada"},{"name":"Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00280-3","article-title":"Parkinson disease-associated cognitive impairment","volume":"7","author":"Aarsland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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