{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:50:01Z","timestamp":1790909401757,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara","award":["6 EXP\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6 EXP\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cerebrovascular disease accounts for major neurologic disabilities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A potential association of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and inflammation with cerebral vessel remodeling in patients with type 2 DM was evaluated. A cohort of 150 patients and 30 healthy controls were assessed concerning urinary albumin\/creatinine ratio (UACR), synaptopodin, podocalyxin, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), N-acetyl-\u03b2-(D)-glucosaminidase (NAG), interleukins IL-17A, IL-18, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF\u03b1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). MtDNA-CN and nuclear DNA (nDNA) were quantified in peripheral blood and urine by qRT-PCR. Cytochrome b (CYTB) gene, subunit 2 of NADH dehydrogenase (ND2), and beta 2 microglobulin nuclear gene (B2M) were assessed by TaqMan assays. mtDNA-CN was defined as the ratio of the number of mtDNA\/nDNA copies, through analysis of the CYTB\/B2M and ND2\/B2M ratio; cerebral Doppler ultrasound: intima-media thickness (IMT)\u2014the common carotid arteries (CCAs), the pulsatility index (PI) and resistivity index (RI)- the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) and middle cerebral arteries (MCAs), the breath-holding index (BHI). The results showed direct correlations of CCAs-IMT, PI-ICAs, PI-MCAs, RI-ICAs, RI-MCAs with urinary mtDNA, IL-17A, IL-18, TNF\u03b1, ICAM-1, UACR, synaptopodin, podocalyxin, KIM-1, NAG, and indirect correlations with serum mtDNA, IL-10. BHI correlated directly with serum IL-10, and serum mtDNA, and negatively with serum IL-17A, serum ICAM-1, and NAG. In neurologically asymptomatic patients with type 2 DM cerebrovascular remodeling and impaired cerebrovascular reactivity may be associated with mtDNA variations and inflammation from the early stages of diabetic kidney disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14040499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T10:53:17Z","timestamp":1713523997000},"page":"499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mitochondrial DNA and Inflammation Are Associated with Cerebral Vessel Remodeling and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3138-3051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ligia","family":"Petrica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florica","family":"Gadalean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danina Mirela","family":"Muntean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Functional Sciences III, Division of Pathophysiology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragos Catalin","family":"Jianu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences VIII, Division of Neurology I, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daliborca","family":"Vlad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology IV, Division of Pharmacology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Dumitrascu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology IV, Division of Pharmacology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flaviu","family":"Bob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oana","family":"Milas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal 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Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2125-5419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lavinia","family":"Balint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Mogos-Stefan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Ienciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Octavian Marius","family":"Cretu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery I, Division of Surgical Semiology I, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9387-1141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology II, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology II, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6162-5325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Gluhovschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavinia","family":"Iancu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1824-2628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Vlad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease, 1990\u20132017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"395","author":"Bikbov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53480-4.00012-6","article-title":"Stroke and Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"Volume 126","author":"Hill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3131","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1537","article-title":"Diabetes, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Ischemic Stroke: Epidemiology and Possible 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