{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T03:22:09Z","timestamp":1764645729352,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]],"date-time":"2024-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Support Program for High-level Talents in Shaanxi Province"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The anterior gradient protein 2 (AGR2) plays a crucial role in facilitating the formation of protein disulfide bonds within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Research suggests that AGR2 can function as an oncogene, with its heightened expression linked to the advancement of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers through invasion and metastasis. Notably, AGR2 not only serves as a pro-oncogenic agent but also as a downstream targeting protein, indirectly fostering cancer progression. This comprehensive review delves into the established functions and expression patterns of AGR2, emphasizing its pivotal role in cancer progression, particularly in hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancies. Furthermore, AGR2 emerges as a potential cancer prognostic marker and a promising target for immunotherapy, offering novel avenues for the treatment of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers and enhancing patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14070743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T10:41:12Z","timestamp":1719225672000},"page":"743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["AGR2: The Covert Driver and New Dawn of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shen","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"},{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5045-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weili","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"},{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"},{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710021, China"},{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1159\/000530495","article-title":"Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer (2022 Edition)","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29936","article-title":"Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975\u20132012, Featuring the Increasing Incidence of Liver Cancer","volume":"122","author":"Ryerson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33588","article-title":"Cancer Statistics for the Year 2020: An Overview","volume":"149","author":"Ferlay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Intl. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000002108","article-title":"Cancer Statistics in China and United States, 2022: Profiles, Trends, and Determinants","volume":"135","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33476","article-title":"The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Gallbladder and Biliary Tract Cancer and Its Attributable Risk Factors in 195 Countries and Territories, 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"127","author":"Ouyang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00825-3","article-title":"Global Trends in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Epidemiology: Implications for Screening, Prevention and Therapy","volume":"20","author":"Singal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X., Li, Z., and Wang, Y. (2021). Advances in Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer. Adv. Biol., 5.","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.201900236"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo.2016.09.07","article-title":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Beyond Sorafenib\u2014Chemotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10544","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103278","article-title":"Long Noncoding RNA LINC00460 Conduces to Tumor Growth and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through miR-342-3p-Dependent AGR2 up-Regulation","volume":"12","author":"Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2018.07.003","article-title":"Knockdown of AGR2 Induces Cell Apoptosis and Reduces Chemotherapy Resistance of Pancreatic Cancer Cells with the Involvement of ERK\/AKT Axis","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-023-02879-w","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2 Induces Resistance to Sorafenib via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"23","author":"Tsai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2010.02438.x","article-title":"Differential Expression of the Anterior Gradient Protein-2 Is a Conserved Feature during Morphogenesis and Carcinogenesis of the Biliary Tree: AGR2 Expression in Cholangiocarcinomas","volume":"31","author":"Lepreux","year":"2011","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2008.08.003","article-title":"Anterior Gradient-2 Is Overexpressed by Fibrolamellar Carcinomas","volume":"40","author":"Vivekanandan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325137","article-title":"Tumour-Associated Neutrophils Secrete AGR2 to Promote Colorectal Cancer Metastasis via Its Receptor CD98hc-xCT","volume":"71","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong, X., Li, Z.-X., Hou, J., Zhang, H.-Y., Zhang, C.-Y., Zhang, J., Sun, H., Pang, L.-H., Wang, T., and Deng, Z.-H. (2021). Effects of ER-Resident and Secreted AGR2 on Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Survival in PANC-1 Pancreatic Cancer Cells. BMC Cancer, 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07743-y"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36444","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.26342","article-title":"Tissue Proteomics Outlines AGR2 AND LOX5 as Markers for Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer","volume":"9","author":"Zeneyedpour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3094","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.459","article-title":"ER Stress Protein AGR2 Precedes and Is Involved in the Regulation of Pancreatic Cancer Initiation","volume":"36","author":"Dumartin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4276","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.26945","article-title":"AGR2, a Unique Tumor-Associated Antigen, Is a Promising Candidate for Antibody Targeting","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"669","article-title":"Upregulation of AGR2vH Facilitates Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Survival under Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via the Activation of the Unfolded Protein Response Pathway","volume":"45","author":"Suwanmanee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.201800024","article-title":"The Role of Protein Disulphide Isomerase AGR2 in the Tumour Niche","volume":"110","author":"Delom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2015.04.005","article-title":"Mechanisms of Anterior Gradient-2 Regulation and Function in Cancer","volume":"33","author":"Brychtova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C40","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00532.2018","article-title":"The Anterior Gradient-2 Interactome","volume":"318","author":"Delom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-022-02452-1","article-title":"Anterior Gradient Proteins in Gastrointestinal Cancers: From Cell Biology to Pathophysiology","volume":"41","author":"Boisteau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10120","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201810120","article-title":"Control of Anterior GRadient 2 (AGR2) Dimerization Links Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteostasis to Inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Maurel","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6950","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808722106","article-title":"The Protein Disulfide Isomerase AGR2 Is Essential for Production of Intestinal Mucus","volume":"106","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2021.07.001","article-title":"Human AGR2 Deficiency Causes Mucus Barrier Dysfunction and Infantile Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"12","author":"Hubrack","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1038\/s44318-023-00015-y","article-title":"Activation of Goblet-Cell Stress Sensor IRE1\u03b2 Is Controlled by the Mucin Chaperone AGR2","volume":"43","author":"Cloots","year":"2023","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1159\/000521358","article-title":"The Gut Microbiome and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Early Diagnostic Biomarkers and Novel Therapies","volume":"11","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003334","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-003334","article-title":"Gut Microbiome Is Associated with the Clinical Response to Anti-PD-1 Based Immunotherapy in Hepatobiliary Cancers","volume":"9","author":"Mao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"291","article-title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones and Oxidoreductases: Critical Regulators of Tumor Cell Survival and Immunorecognition","volume":"4","author":"Simmen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-02060-z","article-title":"The Anterior GRadient (AGR) Family Proteins in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer","volume":"40","author":"Fessart","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2012.12.009","article-title":"Metastasis-Promoting Anterior Gradient 2 Protein Has a Dimeric Thioredoxin Fold Structure and a Role in Cell Adhesion","volume":"425","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3867","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.394","article-title":"AGR2 Is a SMAD4-Suppressible Gene That Modulates MUC1 Levels and Promotes the Initiation and Progression of Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","volume":"32","author":"Norris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12182","article-title":"The Mucus and Mucins of the Goblet Cells and Enterocytes Provide the First Defense Line of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Interact with the Immune System","volume":"260","author":"Pelaseyed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proghi.2007.02.001","article-title":"Expression Profiles of MUC Mucins and Trefoil Factor Family (TFF) Peptides in the Intrahepatic Biliary System: Physiological Distribution and Pathological Significance","volume":"42","author":"Sasaki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5979","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5397","article-title":"ESE1\/AGR2 Axis Antagonizes TGF-\u03b2-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Low-Grade Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2014.04.012","article-title":"Loss of Anterior Gradient-2 Expression Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Carcinomas","volume":"50","author":"Riener","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4773","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.301531","article-title":"AGR2 Gene Function Requires a Unique Endoplasmic Reticulum Localization Motif","volume":"287","author":"Gupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13887","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.13887","article-title":"Secretion of Protein Disulphide Isomerase AGR2 Confers Tumorigenic Properties","volume":"5","author":"Fessart","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-2930","article-title":"The Adenocarcinoma-Associated Antigen, AGR2, Promotes Tumor Growth, Cell Migration, and Cellular Transformation","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7811","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-1320","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2 Is Expressed and Secreted during the Development of Pancreatic Cancer and Promotes Cancer Cell Survival","volume":"68","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16398","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16398","article-title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease","volume":"11","author":"Na","year":"2023","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366508","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1366508","article-title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Features in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"2022","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2023.06.020","article-title":"Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 Entry via UPR-Dependent AMPK-Related Kinase NUAK2","volume":"83","author":"Prasad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"729","article-title":"The Diagnosis and Treatment of Ampullary Carcinoma","volume":"120","author":"Walter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dtsch. \u00c4rzteblatt Int."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, S.J., Jun, S., Cho, H.-Y., Lee, D.C., Yeom, Y.I., Kim, J.H., and Kang, D. (2014). Knockdown of Anterior Gradient 2 Expression Extenuates Tumor-Associated Phenotypes of SNU-478 Ampulla of Vater Cancer Cells. BMC Cancer, 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-804"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.2299","article-title":"Development of a Fluorescent Monoclonal Antibody-Based Assay to Measure the Allosteric Effects of Synthetic Peptides on Self-Oligomerization of AGR2 Protein","volume":"22","author":"Gray","year":"2013","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martisova, A., Sommerova, L., Krejci, A., Selingerova, I., Kolarova, T., Zavadil Kokas, F., Holanek, M., Podhorec, J., Kazda, T., and Hrstka, R. (2022). Identification of AGR2 Gene-Specific Expression Patterns Associated with Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810845"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sommerova, L., Ondrouskova, E., Martisova, A., Zoumpourlis, V., Galtsidis, S., and Hrstka, R. (2020). ZEB1\/miR-200c\/AGR2: A New Regulatory Loop Modulating the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Adenocarcinomas. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12061614"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.115683","article-title":"Harnessing Function of EMT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Biological View to Nanotechnological Standpoint","volume":"227","author":"Alqurashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.09.093","article-title":"Duct- and Acinar-Derived Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas Show Distinct Tumor Progression and Marker Expression","volume":"21","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8807","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.3556","article-title":"Anterior Gradient Protein 2 Expression in High Grade Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Correlated with Cancer Stem Cell and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28175","article-title":"Function and Mechanism of Exogenous AGR2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells","volume":"10","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32498","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032498","article-title":"Expression of KAI1 and AGR2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Their Clinicopathological Significance","volume":"101","author":"Ci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, M., Gan, X.-L., Ren, Y.-X., Chen, Q.-X., Yang, Y.-Z., Weng, Z.-J., Zhang, X.-F., Guan, J.-X., Tang, L.-Y., and Ren, Z.-F. (2023). AGR2 and FOXA1 as Prognostic Markers in ER-Positive Breast Cancer. BMC Cancer, 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-10964-6"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.09.032","article-title":"The Lineage Determining Factor GRHL2 Collaborates with FOXA1 to Establish a Targetable Pathway in Endocrine Therapy-Resistant Breast Cancer","volume":"29","author":"Cocce","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.11.026","article-title":"Foxa1 and Foxa2 Are Essential for Sexual Dimorphism in Liver Cancer","volume":"148","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"3317315","article-title":"Elevated FOXA1 Expression Indicates Poor Prognosis in Liver Cancer Due to Its Effects on Cell Proliferation and Metastasis","volume":"2022","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5231","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S252890","article-title":"FOXA1 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Suppresses Apoptosis in HCC by Directly Regulating miR-212-3p\/FOXA1\/AGR2 Signaling Pathway","volume":"13","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milewski, D., Balli, D., Ustiyan, V., Le, T., Dienemann, H., Warth, A., Breuhahn, K., Whitsett, J.A., Kalinichenko, V.V., and Kalin, T.V. (2017). FOXM1 Activates AGR2 and Causes Progression of Lung Adenomas into Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinomas. PLoS Genet., 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007097"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S239258","article-title":"Long Noncoding RNA LINC00460 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Regulation of miR-342-3p\/AGR2 Axis","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.05.191","article-title":"Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor Twist1 Is a Novel Regulator of Anterior Gradient Protein 2 Homolog (AGR2) in Breast Cancer","volume":"516","author":"Jung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.15775","article-title":"Anterior Gradient-2 Regulates Cell Communication by Coordinating Cytokine\u2013Chemokine Signaling and Immune Infiltration in Breast Cancer","volume":"114","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.3243","article-title":"Aberrant Hypomethylation-Mediated AGR2 Overexpression Induces an Aggressive Phenotype in Ovarian Cancer Cells","volume":"32","author":"Sung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5177","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S304869","article-title":"Hypomethylation-Mediated AGR2 Overexpression Facilitates Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma","volume":"13","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e51412","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.202051412","article-title":"Reflux of Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteins to the Cytosol Inactivates Tumor Suppressors","volume":"22","author":"Sicari","year":"2021","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2021.100188","article-title":"Characterization of the AGR2 Interactome Uncovers New Players of Protein Disulfide Isomerase Network in Cancer Cells","volume":"21","author":"Bouchalova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteom."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195885","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1195885","article-title":"AGR2: A Secreted Protein Worthy of Attention in Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2021.08.028","article-title":"Extracellular AGR2 Activates Neighboring Fibroblasts through Endocytosis and Direct Binding to \u03b2-Catenin That Requires AGR2 Dimerization and Adhesion Domains","volume":"573","author":"Merugu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maresh, E.L., Mah, V., Alavi, M., Horvath, S., Bagryanova, L., Liebeskind, E.S., Knutzen, L.A., Zhou, Y., Chia, D., and Liu, A.Y. (2010). Differential Expression of Anterior Gradient Gene AGR2 in Prostate Cancer. BMC Cancer, 10.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-10-680"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05000","article-title":"Secretion of Pro-Oncogenic AGR2 Protein in Cancer","volume":"6","author":"Moidu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fessart, D., de Barbeyrac, C., Boutin, I., Grenier, T., Richard, E., Begueret, H., Bernard, D., Chevet, E., Robert, J., and Delom, F. (2021). Extracellular AGR2 Triggers Lung Tumour Cell Proliferation through Repression of p21CIP1. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Res., 1868.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2020.118920"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2016.04.003","article-title":"Binding of Anterior Gradient 2 and Estrogen Receptor-\u03b1: Dual Critical Roles in Enhancing Fulvestrant Resistance and IGF-1-Induced Tumorigenesis of Breast Cancer","volume":"377","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1080\/19336918.2019.1685928","article-title":"Paracrine Signalling of AGR2 Stimulates RhoA Function in Fibroblasts and Modulates Cell Elongation and Migration","volume":"13","author":"Mangukiya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Adh Migr."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5098","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2017.132","article-title":"Tumor-Secreted Anterior Gradient-2 Binds to VEGF and FGF2 and Enhances Their Activities by Promoting Their Homodimerization","volume":"36","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergstr\u00f6m, J.H., Berg, K.A., Rodr\u00edguez-Pi\u00f1eiro, A.M., Stecher, B., Johansson, M.E.V., and Hansson, G.C. (2014). AGR2, an Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein, Is Secreted into the Gastrointestinal Mucus. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104186"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01393-9","article-title":"Integrative Multi-Omics and Drug-Response Characterization of Patient-Derived Prostate Cancer Primary Cells","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3003","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-018-0638-9","article-title":"Loss of ER Retention Motif of AGR2 Can Impact mTORC Signaling and Promote Cancer Metastasis","volume":"38","author":"Tiemann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, A.Y. (2021). The Opposing Action of Stromal Cell Proenkephalin and Stem Cell Transcription Factors in Prostate Cancer Differentiation. BMC Cancer, 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-09090-y"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44855","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.275529","article-title":"Role of Pro-Oncogenic Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) Family Member Anterior Gradient 2 (AGR2) in the Control of Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis","volume":"286","author":"Higa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.346","article-title":"Emerging Roles for the Pro-Oncogenic Anterior Gradient-2 in Cancer Development","volume":"32","author":"Chevet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","article-title":"Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation","volume":"144","author":"Hanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-14-0470","article-title":"New Blocking Antibodies against Novel AGR2-C4.4A Pathway Reduce Growth and Metastasis of Pancreatic Tumors and Increase Survival in Mice","volume":"14","author":"Arumugam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3796","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3823","article-title":"Human Homologue of Cement Gland Protein, a Novel Metastasis Inducer Associated with Breast Carcinomas","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.06.030","article-title":"The Estrogen-Responsive Agr2 Gene Regulates Mammary Epithelial Proliferation and Facilitates Lobuloalveolar Development","volume":"369","author":"Verma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610538","DOI":"10.3389\/pore.2022.1610538","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2 Is a Significant Prognostic Biomarker in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathol. Oncol. Res."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, L., Yang, C., Wang, Y., Li, G., Pan, J., Luo, H., Wu, Z., Tian, Y., Chen, S., and Chen, J. (2020). Anterior Gradient 2 Is a Novel Pro-Tumor Factor in Pancreatic Cancer under NF-\u03baB Subunit RelA Trans-Regulation That Can Be Suppressed by Eugenic Acid. Biomed. Pharmacother., 132.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110830"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2018.7647","article-title":"Elucidation of the AGR2 Interactome in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells Identifies a Redox-Sensitive Chaperone Hub for the Quality Control of MUC-5AC","volume":"31","author":"Worfolk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, C.-H., Chuang, H.-N., Hsiao, T.-H., Kumar, V.B., Hsu, C.-H., Huang, C.-Y., Lee, L.-W., Mao, C.-L., Ko, J.-L., and Hsu, C.-P. (2022). AGR2 Expression as a Predictive Biomarker for Therapy Response in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS ONE, 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276990"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bia\u0142obrzeska, W., Dzi\u0105bowska, K., Lisowska, M., Mohtar, M.A., Muller, P., Vojtesek, B., Krejcir, R., O\u2019Neill, R., Hupp, T.R., and Malinowska, N. (2021). An Ultrasensitive Biosensor for Detection of Femtogram Levels of the Cancer Antigen AGR2 Using Monoclonal Antibody Modified Screen-Printed Gold Electrodes. Biosensors, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/bios11060184"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2023-0178","article-title":"Clinical Value of Serum and Tissue AGR2 for Diagnosis and Prognosis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer","volume":"17","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomark. Med."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2013.02.015","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2: A New Target to Treat Colorectal Cancer","volume":"80","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2878","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2015.3734","article-title":"Expression of AGR2 in Pituitary Adenomas and Its Association with Tumor Aggressiveness","volume":"10","author":"Tohti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15747","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7400","article-title":"Bladder Cancer Cells Secrete While Normal Bladder Cells Express but Do Not Secrete AGR2","volume":"7","author":"Ho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21508","article-title":"Development of an ELISA to Detect the Secreted Prostate Cancer Biomarker AGR2 in Voided Urine","volume":"72","author":"Wayner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.124","article-title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteostasis in Hepatic Steatosis","volume":"12","author":"Baiceanu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.57099","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2 Increases Long-Chain Fatty Acid Uptake via Stabilizing FABP1 and Facilitates Lipid Accumulation","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.06.008","article-title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signalling and the Pathogenesis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"69","author":"Lebeaupin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3701","article-title":"Glucose-Regulated Proteins in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3496","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-0325","article-title":"GRP78 Induction in Cancer: Therapeutic and Prognostic Implications","volume":"67","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.08.020","article-title":"ER Stress Drives Lipogenesis and Steatohepatitis via Caspase-2 Activation of S1P","volume":"175","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2710","DOI":"10.1039\/c2mb25160d","article-title":"Proteomic Study Explores AGR2 as Pro-Metastatic Protein in HCC","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biosyst."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31816","article-title":"JMJD6 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Carcinogenesis by Targeting CDK4","volume":"144","author":"Wan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intl. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-011-0909-z","article-title":"Cyclophilin A Promotes Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Metastasis via Regulation of MMP3 and MMP9","volume":"357","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.01.021","article-title":"Pro-Metastatic Activity of AGR2 Interrupts Angiogenesis Target Bevacizumab Efficiency via Direct Interaction with VEGFA and Activation of NF-\u03baB Pathway","volume":"1864","author":"Jia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Xiao, J., and Zhou, H. (2019). Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify the Key Genes Affecting the Progression and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biosci. Rep., 39.","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20181845"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117396","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2-Derived Peptide Upregulates Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-Related Chains A\/B in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells","volume":"246","author":"Bian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khaled, J., Kopsida, M., Lennern\u00e4s, H., and Heindryckx, F. (2022). Drug Resistance and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11040632"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2016.4974","article-title":"Establishment and Characterization of a Novel Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Line with High Metastatic Activity","volume":"36","author":"Uthaisar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.234.83","article-title":"Expression of Anterior Gradient 2 Is Decreased with the Progression of Human Biliary Tract Cancer","volume":"234","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tohoku J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.154","article-title":"An Aberrantly Spliced Isoform of Anterior Gradient-2, AGR2vH Promotes Migration and Invasion of Cholangiocarcinoma Cell","volume":"107","author":"Yosudjai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1093\/bbb\/zbab156","article-title":"Overexpression of AGR2vH, an Oncogenic AGR2 Spliced Transcript, Potentiates Tumorigenicity and Proteomic Alterations in Cholangiocarcinoma Cell","volume":"85","author":"Yosudjai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.10.014","article-title":"125I Seeds Inhibit Proliferation and Promote Apoptosis in Cholangiocarcinoma Cells by Regulating the AGR2-Mediated P38 MAPK Pathway","volume":"524","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2023-329839","article-title":"A Mucus Production Programme Promotes Classical Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma","volume":"73","author":"Tonelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2023.08.007","article-title":"Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia-like Cancer Cells Shows Increased Cellular Proliferation","volume":"23","author":"Nishimon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00331-y","article-title":"Critical Role for Arginase 2 in Obesity-Associated Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"8","author":"Zaytouni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7091","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-1367","article-title":"AGR2 Is a Novel Surface Antigen That Promotes the Dissemination of Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Regulation of Cathepsins B and D","volume":"71","author":"Dumartin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-023-02565-8","article-title":"Unraveling the Impact of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts on Hypovascular Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors","volume":"130","author":"Lai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15384047.2022.2156242","article-title":"HSF1 Is Involved in Immunotherapeutic Response through Regulating APOJ\/STAT3-Mediated PD-L1 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2020.100851","article-title":"A Zinc Finger Family Protein, ZNF263, Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resistance to Apoptosis via Activation of ER Stress-Dependent Autophagy","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01141-9","article-title":"Cancer Cell States Recur across Tumor Types and Form Specific Interactions with the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"54","author":"Barkley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao, S., Tang, J., Huang, Y., Li, G., Li, Z., Cai, W., Yuan, Y., Liu, J., Huang, X., and Zhang, H. (2021). The Road of Solid Tumor Survival: From Drug-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Drug Resistance. Front. Mol. Biosci., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.620514"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11477","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S265579","article-title":"CircPVT1 Promoted the Progression of Breast Cancer by Regulating MiR-29a-3p-Mediated AGR2-HIF-1\u03b1 Pathway","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.14139","article-title":"Overexpression of AGR2 Is Associated With Drug Resistance in Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers","volume":"40","author":"Luu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anticancer. Res."},{"key":"ref_126","first-page":"4964","article-title":"AGR2 Silencing Contributes to Metformin-Dependent Sensitization of Colorectal Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy","volume":"18","author":"Martisova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1024-3","article-title":"miR-135b-5p Enhances Doxorubicin-Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells through Targeting Anterior Gradient 2","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_128","first-page":"9947540","article-title":"The Utility of SOX2 and AGR2 Biomarkers as Early Predictors of Tamoxifen Resistance in ER-Positive Breast Cancer Patients","volume":"2021","author":"Zamzam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2002.18816.x","article-title":"Effective Therapeutic Anticancer Vaccines Based on Precision Guiding of Cytolytic T Lymphocytes","volume":"188","author":"Melief","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3858\/emm.2012.44.1.006","article-title":"In Vitro Induction of Anterior Gradient-2-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes by Dendritic Cells Transduced with Recombinant Adenoviruses as a Potential Therapy for Colorectal Cancer","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02631-w","article-title":"Comparison of Anti-Cancer Effects of Novel Protein Disulphide Isomerase (PDI) Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Cells Characterized by High and Low PDIA17 Expression","volume":"22","author":"Stojak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2019.01.025","article-title":"Anterior Gradient-2 Monoclonal Antibody Inhibits Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Upregulating P53 Pathway and without Exerting Any Toxicological Effects: A Preclinical Study","volume":"449","author":"Negi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27363","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.25221","article-title":"Identification, Characterization and Application of a New Peptide against Anterior Gradient Homolog 2 (AGR2)","volume":"9","author":"Garri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-1693","article-title":"Agr2 Mediates Paracrine Effects on Stromal Fibroblasts That Promote Invasion by Gastric Signet-Ring Carcinoma Cells","volume":"75","author":"Tsuji","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.11.007","article-title":"Construction and Stable Gene Expression of AGR2xPD1 Bi-Specific Antibody That Enhances Attachment between T-Cells and Lung Tumor Cells, Suppress Tumor Cell Migration and Promoting CD8 Expression in Cytotoxic T-Cells","volume":"31","author":"Roy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahadevan, N.R., Anufreichik, V., Rodvold, J.J., Chiu, K.T., Sepulveda, H., and Zanetti, M. (2012). Cell-Extrinsic Effects of Tumor ER Stress Imprint Myeloid Dendritic Cells and Impair CD8+ T Cell Priming. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051845"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R32","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr2586","article-title":"Anterior Gradient-2 Plays a Critical Role in Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Survival by Modulating Cyclin D1, Estrogen Receptor-\u03b1 and Survivin","volume":"12","author":"Vanderlaag","year":"2010","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6561","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1008942108","article-title":"Transmission of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Pro-Inflammation from Tumor Cells to Myeloid Cells","volume":"108","author":"Mahadevan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1857","article-title":"TLR Activation of the Transcription Factor XBP1 Regulates Innate Immune Responses in Macrophages","volume":"11","author":"Martinon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.08.035","article-title":"STAT3 and STAT6 Signaling Pathways Synergize to Promote Cathepsin Secretion from Macrophages via IRE1\u03b1 Activation","volume":"16","author":"Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, F., Long, Q., Gong, Y., Hu, L., Zhang, H., Oettgen, P., and Peng, T. (2014). Epithelium-Specific ETS (ESE)-1 Upregulated GP73 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Cell Biosci., 4.","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-3701-4-76"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45547","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.9999","article-title":"MicroRNA-1291 Targets the FOXA2-AGR2 Pathway to Suppress Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation and Tumorigenesis","volume":"7","author":"Tu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2018.02.004","article-title":"Secreted AGR2 Promotes Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Wnt11-Mediated Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling","volume":"364","author":"Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2021.8211","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2 Regulates Cancer Progression in TP53-wild-type Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"46","author":"Takabatake","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3858\/emm.2011.43.2.011","article-title":"AGR2, a Mucinous Ovarian Cancer Marker, Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration","volume":"43","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31459","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.25838","article-title":"High AGR2 Protein Is a Feature of Low Grade Endometrial Cancer Cells","volume":"9","author":"Kamal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2014.04.002","article-title":"Differential Expression of Anterior Gradient Protein 3 in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"96","author":"Brychtova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2014.138","article-title":"Anterior Gradient 2 Downregulation in a Subset of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Is a Prognostic Factor Indicative of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition","volume":"95","author":"Mizuuchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kawata-Shimamura, Y., Eguchi, H., Kawabata-Iwakawa, R., Nakahira, M., Okazaki, Y., Yoda, T., Gr\u00e9nman, R., Sugasawa, M., and Nishiyama, M. (2022). Biomarker Discovery for Practice of Precision Medicine in Hypopharyngeal Cancer: A Theranostic Study on Response Prediction of the Key Therapeutic Agents. BMC Cancer, 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-022-09853-1"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2018.12.001","article-title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Responses in Intratumoral Immune Cells: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"40","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/14\/7\/743\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:03:15Z","timestamp":1760108595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/14\/7\/743"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]]},"references-count":150,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["biom14070743"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom14070743","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2218-273X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]]}}}