{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:33:53Z","timestamp":1787027633147,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rompharm Company"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of intra-articular Hyaluronic acid (HA) and Chondroitin sulfate (CS) supplementation (Hialurom\u00ae Hondro (HH)) on pain symptoms and joint mobility. In total, 60 mg\/mL sodium hyaluronate and 90 mg\/mL CS were administered to 21 patients (17 females and 4 males) respecting the in-force requirements, excluding patients with some specific comorbidities. In addition to the clinical study (where the pain intensity (severity) and joint mobility were assessed), rheological characterization was conducted evaluating the following parameters: elastic modulus (G\u2032), loss modulus (G\u2033) oscillatory frequency (fc) at 0.5 Hz and 2.5 Hz, crossover frequency (fc), relaxation time (\u03bb) where it was noticed that the addition of chondroitin sulfate (CS) to sodium hyaluronate (SH) significantly enhances and improves the viscoelastic properties, particularly at higher shear frequencies. A significant decrease in pain intensity felt by the subjects was found, from 7.48 (according to Wong\u2013Baker scale)\u2014pain close to 8 (the patient is unable to perform most activities), to more reduced values of 5.86\u2014at 6 weeks after injection, 4.81\u2014at 3 months after injection, and 5.24\u2014at 6 months after injection, improvements in symptoms was fast and durable. Data related to the evolution of joint mobility show that at 6 weeks after injection, the mobility of joints increased by 17.8% and at 6 months by 35.61%. No serious adverse events were reported with undesired effects so that they would impose additional measures. Better resistance to enzymatic degradation and free radicals could be expected from the synergic combination of sodium hyaluronate and chondroitin sodium sulfate, this having a special importance for the patients, granting them the ability to perform more ample movements and reducing dependency on attendants, thus increasing quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14070832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T11:28:03Z","timestamp":1720783683000},"page":"832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Can Hyaluronic Acid Combined with Chondroitin Sulfate in Viscosupplementation of Knee Osteoarthritis Improve Pain Symptoms and Mobility?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Augustin","family":"Dima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Rehabilitation-Orthopedics and Traumatology, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, 2 Sf. Dumitru Street, Sector 3, 030167 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Dragosloveanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 8 Eroii Sanitari Street, Sector 5, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreea Ramona","family":"Romila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneology II, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, 2 Sf. Dumitru Street, Sector 3, 030167 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru","family":"Cristea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Rehabilitation-Orthopedics and Traumatology, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, 2 Sf. Dumitru Street, Sector 3, 030167 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgiana","family":"Marinic\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Pharmacovigilance Department, Rompharm Company SRL, 1A Eroilor Street, 075100 Otopeni, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru-Tiberiu","family":"D\u0103nil\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Pharmacovigilance Department, Rompharm Company SRL, 1A Eroilor Street, 075100 Otopeni, Romania"},{"name":"Department Pharmaceutical Sciences II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru","family":"Mandici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Pharmacovigilance Department, Rompharm Company SRL, 1A Eroilor Street, 075100 Otopeni, Romania"},{"name":"Department Pharmaceutical Sciences II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4161-0276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Cojocariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Pharmacovigilance Department, Rompharm Company SRL, 1A Eroilor Street, 075100 Otopeni, Romania"},{"name":"Department Pharmaceutical Sciences II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7751-2766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert-Alexandru","family":"Vlad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Ciurba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"B\u00eersan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42089","article-title":"Prevalence Trends of Site-Specific Osteoarthritis From 1990 to 2019: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"74","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1995). 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