{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T12:03:37Z","timestamp":1790337817917,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515011646"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515011646"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Provincial","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Provincial","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515011646"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515011646"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: Investigate the oxylipin profiles in the aqueous humor of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. Methods: Aqueous humor samples were collected from 17 POAG patients and 15 cataract subjects and subjected to a liquid chromatography\/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis to detect the oxylipins. The prediction potential of the differential abundant oxylipins was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Pathway and correlation analyses on the oxylipins and clinical and biochemical parameters were also conducted. Results: The LC-MS analysis detected a total of 76 oxylipins, of which 29 oxylipins reached the detection limit. The multivariate analysis identified five differential abundant oxylipins, 15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (15-kPGF2\u03b1), Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), 12,13-Epoxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-Epome), 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) and 11-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (11-HETE). The five oxylipins are enriched in the arachidonic acid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism pathways. Pearson correlation analysis showed that 11-HETE was positively correlated with intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness and negatively with cup\/disk area ratio in the POAG patients. In addition, 15-kPGF2\u03b1 was moderately and positively correlated with the mean deviation (MD) of visual field defect, and LTB4 was moderately and negatively correlated with macular thickness. Conclusions: This study revealed the oxylipin profile in the aqueous humor of POAG patients. Oxylipins involved in the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway could play a role in POAG, and anti-inflammatory therapies could be potential treatment strategies for POAG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14091127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T11:23:19Z","timestamp":1725535399000},"page":"1127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Oxylipins in Aqueous Humor of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8231-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianming","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kewen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3320-6262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changzhen","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1421-4109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chong-Bo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luxi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsz-Kin","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Research Laboratory of Precision Prevention and Treatment on Ocular Diseases, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment on Ocular Diseases of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Research Laboratory of Precision Prevention and Treatment on Ocular Diseases, Shantou 515041, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment on Ocular Diseases of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01289-8","article-title":"Glaucoma: Now and beyond","volume":"402","author":"Jayaram","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.21899","article-title":"Glaucoma in Adults-Screening, Diagnosis, and Management: A Review","volume":"325","author":"Stein","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.06.027","article-title":"Impact of Intraocular Pressure Control on Rates of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Loss in a Large Clinical Population","volume":"128","author":"Jammal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.07.023","article-title":"Corneal Biomechanics and Visual Field Progression in Eyes with Seemingly Well-Controlled Intraocular Pressure","volume":"126","author":"Susanna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3078","article-title":"Common variants near ABCA1 and in PMM2 are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.013","article-title":"High-Density Lipoprotein 3 Cholesterol and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Metabolomics and Mendelian Randomization Analyses","volume":"129","author":"Nusinovici","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.661","article-title":"Common variants near CAV1 and CAV2 are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"42","author":"Thorleifsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.09.001","article-title":"The vast complexity of primary open angle glaucoma: Disease genes, risks, molecular mechanisms and pathobiology","volume":"37","author":"Janssen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.305485","article-title":"HDL particle size is a critical determinant of ABCA1-mediated macrophage cellular cholesterol export","volume":"116","author":"Du","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2860","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38466-w","article-title":"Plasma metabolite profile for primary open-angle glaucoma in three US cohorts and the UK Biobank","volume":"14","author":"Zeleznik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, J.E., Kim, J.M., Lee, M.Y., Jang, H.J., and Park, K.H. (2020). Effects of Consumption of Alcohol on Intraocular Pressure: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2011. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082420"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu, C., Xu, J., Chen, S.-L., Chen, C.-B., Liang, J.-J., Liu, Z., Huang, C., Wu, Z., Ng, T.K., and Zhang, M. (2024). Profile of Lipoprotein Subclasses in Chinese Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084544"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, J., Fu, C., Sun, Y., Wen, X., Chen, C.-B., Huang, C., Ng, T.K., Liu, Q., and Zhang, M. (2024). Untargeted and Oxylipin-Targeted Metabolomics Study on the Plasma Samples of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients. Biomolecules, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14030307"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12871","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1323292111","article-title":"Primary cilia signaling mediates intraocular pressure sensation","volume":"111","author":"Luo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102294","article-title":"Lipids and lipid metabolism in cellular senescence: Emerging targets for age-related diseases","volume":"97","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2018.24","article-title":"Role of oxylipins in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"39","author":"Nayeem","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azbukina, N.V., Chistyakov, D.V., Goriainov, S.V., Kotelin, V.I., Fedoseeva, E.V., Petrov, S.Y., Sergeeva, M.G., Iomdina, E.N., and Zernii, E.Y. (2021). Targeted Lipidomic Analysis of Aqueous Humor Reveals Signaling Lipid-Mediated Pathways in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Biology, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10070658"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, Y., Pan, Y., Chen, Y., Kong, X., Chen, J., Zhang, H., Tang, G., Wu, J., and Sun, X. (2021). Metabolomic Profiling of Aqueous Humor and Plasma in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients Points Towards Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy. Front. Pharmacol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.621146"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, K., Zhao, J., Wang, M., Niu, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y., and Zheng, Y. (2021). The Roles of Various Prostaglandins in Fibrosis: A Review. Biomolecules, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11060789"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.8b00915","article-title":"Metabolomic Profiling of Aqueous Humor in Glaucoma Points to Taurine and Spermine Deficiency: Findings from the Eye-D Study","volume":"18","author":"Buisset","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riaposova, L., Kim, S.H., Hanyaloglu, A.C., Sykes, L., MacIntyre, D.A., Bennett, P.R., and Terzidou, V. (2023). Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 requires activation of calcium-dependent signalling to trigger inflammation in human myometrium. Front. Endocrinol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1150125"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61026-1","article-title":"Putting raised intraocular pressure in context","volume":"386","author":"Bremner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Z.-Y., Xiao, H.-W., Dong, J.-L., Li, Y., Wang, B., Fan, S.-J., and Cui, M. (2021). Gut Microbiota-Derived PGF2\u03b1 Fights against Radiation-Induced Lung Toxicity through the MAPK\/NF-\u03baB Pathway. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11010065"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2020.12.012","article-title":"PGE2 vs PGF2\u03b1 in human parturition","volume":"104","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S423","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800094-JLR200","article-title":"Prostanoids in health and disease","volume":"50","author":"Smyth","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht212","article-title":"Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 formation is associated with mortality in a Swedish community-based cohort of older males","volume":"36","author":"Larsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104857","article-title":"The role of the LTB4-BLT1 axis in health and disease","volume":"158","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13196","article-title":"The leukotriene B4 receptors BLT1 and BLT2 as potential therapeutic targets","volume":"317","author":"Yokomizo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong, M., Duan, H., Wu, F., Ren, Y., Gong, J., Xu, L., Lu, F., and Wang, D. (2021). Berberine Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Inflammation via Inhibiting the LTB4-BLT1 Axis. Front. Pharmacol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.722360"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gerstmeier, J., Seegers, J., Witt, F., Waltenberger, B., Temml, V., Rollinger, J.M., Stuppner, H., Koeberle, A., Schuster, D., and Werz, O. (2019). Ginkgolic Acid is a Multi-Target Inhibitor of Key Enzymes in Pro-Inflammatory Lipid Mediator Biosynthesis. Front. Pharmacol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00797"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000110503.16605.15","article-title":"Role of leukotriene B4 receptors in the development of atherosclerosis: Potential mechanisms","volume":"24","author":"Subbarao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43302","article-title":"Leukotriene B4 amplifies NF-\u03baB activation in mouse macrophages by reducing SOCS1 inhibition of MyD88 expression","volume":"121","author":"Serezani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2017.08.006","article-title":"Too much of a good thing: How modulating LTB4 actions restore host defense in homeostasis or disease","volume":"33","author":"Brandt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlr.2023.100395","article-title":"Cytochrome P450-soluble epoxide hydrolase derived linoleic acid oxylipins and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes","volume":"64","author":"Anita","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R68","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00092.2014","article-title":"Metabolomics approach to assessing plasma 13- and 9-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid and linoleic acid metabolite responses to 75-km cycling","volume":"307","author":"Nieman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-3221","article-title":"Targeted Metabolomics Identifies the Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Eicosanoid Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Target of Colon Tumorigenesis","volume":"79","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3240","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1521453113","article-title":"CYP450-derived oxylipins mediate inflammatory resolution","volume":"113","author":"Gilroy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1686","article-title":"Linoleic Acid-Derived Oxylipins Differentiate Early Stage Alcoholic Hepatitis From Mild Alcohol-Associated Liver Injury","volume":"5","author":"Warner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16799","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.011841","article-title":"5-Lipoxygenase-mediated endogenous DNA damage","volume":"284","author":"Jian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.06.028","article-title":"Lower serum 15-HETE level predicts nasal ILC2 accumulation during COX-1 inhibition in AERD","volume":"152","author":"Badrani","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.301335","article-title":"15-Lipoxygenase promotes chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery inflammation via positive interaction with nuclear factor-\u03baB","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2020.106474","article-title":"Changes of tear lipid mediators after eyelid warming or thermopulsation treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"151","author":"Ambaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108024","article-title":"Differentiation of soluble aqueous humor metabolites in primary open angle glaucoma and controls","volume":"194","author":"Myer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000603","article-title":"Changes in the Lipidomic Profile of Aqueous Humor in Open-Angle Glaucoma","volume":"26","author":"Cabrerizo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pulukool, S.K., Bhagavatham SK, S., Kannan, V., Sukumar, P., Dandamudi, R.B., Ghaisas, S., Kunchala, H., Saieesh, D., Naik, A.A., and Pargaonkar, A. (2021). Elevated dimethylarginine, ATP, cytokines, metabolic remodeling involving tryptophan metabolism and potential microglial inflammation characterize primary open angle glaucoma. Sci. Rep., 11.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-97509-8"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0108-4","article-title":"Identification of bioactive metabolites using activity metabolomics","volume":"20","author":"Rinschen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."}],"container-title":["Biomolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/14\/9\/1127\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:49:23Z","timestamp":1760111363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-273X\/14\/9\/1127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["biom14091127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom14091127","relation":{},"ISSN":["2218-273X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2218-273X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]}}}