{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T08:25:35Z","timestamp":1785399935433,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20-15-00120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20-15-00120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for vascular lesions in diabetes mellitus and other metabolic disorders, although its basis remains poorly understood. One of the key pathogenetic events in this condition is mitochondrial dysfunction associated with the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore, a drop in the membrane potential, and ROS overproduction. Here, we investigated the effects of bongkrekic acid and carboxyatractyloside, a potent blocker and activator of the MPT pore opening, respectively, acting through direct interaction with the adenine nucleotide translocator, on the progression of mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse primary lung endothelial cells exposed to elevated levels of palmitic acid. Palmitate treatment (0.75 mM palmitate\/BSA for 6 days) resulted in an 80% decrease in the viability index of endothelial cells, which was accompanied by mitochondrial depolarization, ROS hyperproduction, and increased colocalization of mitochondria with lysosomes. Bongkrekic acid (25 \u00b5M) attenuated palmitate-induced lipotoxicity and all the signs of mitochondrial damage, including increased spontaneous formation of the MPT pore. In contrast, carboxyatractyloside (10 \u03bcM) stimulated cell death and failed to prevent the progression of mitochondrial dysfunction under hyperlipidemic stress conditions. Silencing of gene expression of the predominate isoform ANT2, similar to the action of carboxyatractyloside, led to increased ROS generation and cell death under conditions of palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in a stably transfected HEK293T cell line. Altogether, these results suggest that targeted manipulation of the permeability transition pore through inhibition of ANT may represent an alternative approach to alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in cell culture models of fatty acid overload.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14091159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T04:14:07Z","timestamp":1726460047000},"page":"1159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["ANT-Mediated Inhibition of the Permeability Transition Pore Alleviates Palmitate-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lipotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5707-6557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia V.","family":"Belosludtseva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9899-4979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna I.","family":"Ilzorkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6049-5602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitriy A.","family":"Serov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Federal Research Center \u201cPushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences\u201d, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7453-3390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhail V.","family":"Dubinin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6227-7409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugeny Yu.","family":"Talanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4289-3428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxim N.","family":"Karagyaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research and Education Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27\/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119191 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1386-5922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra L.","family":"Primak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research and Education Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27\/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119191 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1207-5037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiankang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5392-7035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantin N.","family":"Belosludtsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2022). 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes\u20142022. Diabetes Care, 45, S17\u2013S38.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S002"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henderson, G.C. (2021). Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentration as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Metabolic Disease. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082590"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E268","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00314.2018","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: An organ-based analysis","volume":"316","author":"Pinti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. 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