{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T21:21:22Z","timestamp":1780521682983,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]],"date-time":"2024-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU","award":["PNRR M4C2-Investment 1.4- CN000041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR M4C2-Investment 1.4- CN000041"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU","award":["PRIN 2022NLLTRJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN 2022NLLTRJ"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU","award":["PIACERI 2024-26\u2013Unict"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIACERI 2024-26\u2013Unict"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Male infertility affects nearly 50% of infertile couples, with various underlying causes, including endocrine disorders, testicular defects, and environmental factors. Spermatozoa rely on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism for motility and fertilization, with mitochondria playing a crucial role in sperm energy production, calcium regulation, and redox balance. Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs), located on the outer mitochondrial membrane, regulate energy and metabolite exchange, which are essential for sperm function. This review offers an updated analysis of VDACs in the male reproductive system, summarizing recent advances in understanding their expression patterns, molecular functions, and regulatory mechanisms. Although VDACs have been widely studied in other tissues, their specific roles in male reproductive physiology still remain underexplored. Special attention is given to the involvement of VDAC2\/3 isoforms, which may influence mitochondrial function in sperm cells and could be implicated in male fertility disorders. This update provides a comprehensive framework for future research in reproductive biology, underscoring the significance of VDACs as a molecular link between mitochondrial function and male fertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14101290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T04:02:58Z","timestamp":1728878578000},"page":"1290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels in Male Reproductive Cells: Players in Healthy Fertility?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Conti Nibali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Battiato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xena Giada","family":"Pappalardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5513-2906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"De Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322011000400026","article-title":"An Update on the Clinical Assessment of the Infertile Male","volume":"66","author":"Esteves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mascarenhas, M.N., Flaxman, S.R., Boerma, T., Vanderpoel, S., and Stevens, G.A. (2012). National, Regional, and Global Trends in Infertility Prevalence Since 1990: A Systematic Analysis of 277 Health Surveys. PLoS Med., 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001356"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agarwal, A., Mulgund, A., Hamada, A., and Chyatte, M.R. (2015). A Unique View on Male Infertility around the Globe. Reprod. Biol. 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