{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T13:52:17Z","timestamp":1790085137928,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["251293561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["251293561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early life stress (ELS) significantly increases the risk of chronic cardiovascular diseases and may cause neuroinflammation. This post hoc study, based on the material available from a previous study showing elevated \u201cserum brain injury markers\u201d in male control animals, examines the effect of sex and\/or ELS on the cerebral and cardiac expression of the H2S and oxytocin systems. Following approval by the Regional Council of T\u00fcbingen, a randomized controlled study was conducted on 12 sexually mature, uncastrated German Large White swine of both sexes. The control animals were separated from their mothers at 28\u201335 days, while the ELS group was separated at day 21. At 20\u201324 weeks, animals underwent anesthesia, ventilation, and surgical instrumentation. An immunohistochemical analysis of oxytocin, its receptor, and the H2S-producing enzymes cystathionine-\u03b2-synthase and cystathionine-\u03b3-lyase was performed on hypothalamic, prefrontal cortex, and myocardial tissue samples. Data are expressed as the % of positive tissue staining, and differences between groups were tested using a two-way ANOVA. The results showed no significant differences in the oxytocin and H2S systems between groups; however, sex influenced the oxytocin system, and ELS affected the oxytocin and H2S systems in a sex-specific manner. No immunohistochemical correlate to the elevated \u201cserum brain injury markers\u201d in male controls was identified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14111385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T06:55:37Z","timestamp":1730357737000},"page":"1385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Role of Sex and Early Life Stress Experience on Porcine Cardiac and Brain Tissue Expression of the Oxytocin and H2S Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Franziska","family":"M\u00fcnz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadja","family":"Abele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9458-741X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Zink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva-Maria","family":"Wolfschmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Hogg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Barck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Anetzberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gr\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2663-9147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Calzia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, General Hospital Nuremberg, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Radermacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5519-9171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Merz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balint, E.M., Gander, M., Pokorny, D., Funk, A., Waller, C., and Buchheim, A. 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