{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T02:48:37Z","timestamp":1788058117189,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Technical Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2023BBB069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023BBB069"]}]},{"name":"Technical Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2022BBA0055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022BBA0055"]}]},{"name":"Technical Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2021CFA019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA019"]}]},{"name":"Technical Innovation Project of Hubei Province","award":["2021-620-000-001-017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-620-000-001-017"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation for Innovative Research Groups","award":["2023BBB069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023BBB069"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation for Innovative Research Groups","award":["2022BBA0055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022BBA0055"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation for Innovative Research Groups","award":["2021CFA019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA019"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation for Innovative Research Groups","award":["2021-620-000-001-017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-620-000-001-017"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Innovation Center of Agricultural Sciences and Technology","award":["2023BBB069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023BBB069"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Innovation Center of Agricultural Sciences and Technology","award":["2022BBA0055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022BBA0055"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Innovation Center of Agricultural Sciences and Technology","award":["2021CFA019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA019"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Innovation Center of Agricultural Sciences and Technology","award":["2021-620-000-001-017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-620-000-001-017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As a zoonotic pathogen, S. suis serotype 2 (SS2) can cause severe diseases in both pigs and humans, and develop resistance to antibiotics. Plant natural compounds are regarded as promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Phillyrin is the major bioactive components of Chinese herbal medicine Forsythia suspensa. In this study, we explored the activity and action mechanism of phillyrin against SS2. The results showed that phillyrin could disrupt membrane integrity, destroy intracellular structures, and increase the exosmosis of DNA. Results of PCR revealed that phillyrin affected bacterial-virulence-related genes\u2019 expression levels. Meanwhile, phillyrin significantly decreased the adhesion activity, inhibited lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion, and reduced biofilm formation of SS2 in Newborn pig trachea epithelial (NPTr) cells. Furthermore, phillyrin protected tight junction protein of NPTr cells from SS2. We reported that phillyrin (0.1 mg\/kg) treatment after bacterial challenge significantly improved the survival rate, ameliorated pulmonary inflammation, and inhibited the accumulation of multiple cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-\u03b1). Molecular docking showed that phillyrin had a good binding activity with the Ala88 and Asp111 of suilysin (SLY), one of the most important virulence factors of SS2. Collectively, phillyrin possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, and is a promising candidate for preventing SS2 infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14121542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T06:58:58Z","timestamp":1733122738000},"page":"1542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Study on the Effect of Phillyrin on Streptococcus suis In Vivo and In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Fangyan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengzhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zewen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3133-2369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1922-420X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9196-5577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiajia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxiang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry 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