{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:47:59Z","timestamp":1791895679326,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":281,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nociceptive information is transmitted by action potentials (APs) through primary afferent neurons from the periphery to the central nervous system. Voltage-gated Na+ channels are involved in this AP production, while transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, which are non-selective cation channels, are involved in receiving and transmitting nociceptive stimuli in the peripheral and central terminals of the primary afferent neurons. Peripheral terminal TRP vanilloid-1 (TRPV1), ankylin-1 (TRPA1) and melastatin-8 (TRPM8) activation produces APs, while central terminal TRP activation enhances the spontaneous release of L-glutamate from the terminal to spinal cord and brain stem lamina II neurons that play a pivotal role in modulating nociceptive transmission. There is much evidence demonstrating that chemical compounds involved in Na+ channel (or nerve AP conduction) inhibition modify TRP channel functions. Among these compounds are local anesthetics, anti-epileptics, \u03b12-adrenoceptor agonists, antidepressants (all of which are used as analgesic adjuvants), general anesthetics, opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and plant-derived compounds, many of which are involved in antinociception. This review mentions the modulation of Na+ channels and TRP channels including TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPM8, both of which modulations are produced by pain-related compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14121619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T08:56:32Z","timestamp":1734512192000},"page":"1619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Anesthetic- and Analgesic-Related Drugs  Modulating Both Voltage-Gated Na+ and TRP Channels"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2365-1768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiichi","family":"Kumamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Fields, H.L. 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